ICSE Class 8 — Certification Brochure

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I
London Academy of Professional Training
Certificate
ICSE Class 8
 •  ICSE Schools  •  Middle School
13Subjects 81Chapters 998Classes 60%Pass Mark LifetimeValidity
At a Glance
AwardCertificate
PrerequisitesNone
ValidityLifetime
Awarding BodyLAPT — London Academy of Professional Training
Curriculum
1 Arts Education 8 chapters · 48 classes
• Form — 7 classes
› Objects and Still Life — part 2
› Elements of Art: Point, Line, Shape, Form, Colour, Tone, Texture and Space
› The Elements of Visual Arts: Point, Line, Shape, Colour, Tone, Texture and Space
› Shape and Form
› Kriti — chapter 15 — part 2
› Observing lines and shapes in nature and in man-made objects
› Making forms from 2-D and 3-D materials
• Colour — 7 classes
› Changing the Typical Picture — part 2
› Changing the Typical Picture — part 3
› Colour: the colour wheel
› Colour Schemes and Mood
› Nature’s Palette — part 1
› Nature’s Palette — part 2
› Colours in plants, flowers and fruits: observing and painting
• Texture — 5 classes
› What texture is: smooth, rough, soft and hard surfaces
› Textures in nature: bark, fur, feathers, sand and leaves
› Showing texture in drawing with lines and dots
› Texture rubbings and collage with fabric and found materials
› Creating a picture using several textures
• Composition — 7 classes
› Principles of Art: Balance, Rhythm, Emphasis, Unity, Variety and Proportion
› What Is Visual Composition: Realistic, Abstract and Layout
› Creating a Four-Part Comic Strip
› Thematic Painting and Group Collage
› Chapter Exercises and Projects
› Texture and Space
› Composing a landscape or seascape with foreground and background
• Tools & Techniques — 5 classes
› Painting Tools and Their Appropriate Use and Care
› Assessment — part 2
› Disciplines of Visual Arts: Drawing and Painting
› Techniques for painting: wash, dry brush and blending
› Experimenting with mediums: pencil, charcoal, pastel and water colour
• Art (Visual Arts) Vocabulary — 6 classes
› Point and Line
› Tone: light, shade and the tonal scale
› From Elements to Principles
› Art vocabulary: names of hues, tints and shades
› Art vocabulary: tools, mediums and materials
› Talking about a work of art using the right words
• Responding to the Artefacts and Nature — 5 classes
› Looking closely at the beauty of nature: leaves, clouds and landscapes
› Appreciating man-made objects: pottery, textiles and crafts
› Appreciating buildings and architecture
› Describing and responding to an artwork: what I see, feel and think
› Sketching a favourite artefact or natural object
• Perspective — 6 classes
› PEOPLE IN PLACES — part 1
› PEOPLE IN PLACES — part 2
› Perspective Techniques: Linear and Aerial
› Analysing and Using Perspective
› Activity 15.2: One Object, Four Ways - Contour, Silhouette, Shading and Icon
› Drawing a street scene in one-point perspective
2 Biology 6 chapters · 77 classes
• Transport of Food and Minerals in Plants — 9 classes
› Lymph, and the Start of Transportation in Plants
› Activity 10.6: Finding the Stomata (Fig. 10.6), and 10.3.1 Transport of Water
› Activity 10.7: Red Ink Up a Stem (Fig. 10.7), the Xylem and the Phloem (Fig. 10.8)
› Transportation in Plants: Moving Water Upward
› Think Like a Scientist: Hot, Room-Temperature and Ice-Cold Water
› Diffusion: How Simple Organisms Exchange Materials
› Absorption of Water and Minerals by Root Hairs
› Transpiration and Why It Matters to a Plant
› Translocation: Moving Food Through the Phloem
• Reproduction in Plants and Animals — 15 classes
› Reproduction, and Asexual Reproduction in Plants
› Cutting, Grafting, Layering and Tissue Culture
› Budding in Yeast and Hydra
› Spore Formation in Fungi
› The Parts of a Flower
› Pollination, Self and Cross
› Pollination Strategies and Pollinators
› Fertilisation, Fruit and Seed
› External and Internal Fertilisation in Animals
› Yolk, Larvae and Parental Care
› The Male Reproductive System
› The Female Reproductive System
› Genes, Variation, and 13.5.1 Vegetative Propagation
› Why No Two Children Are Alike, and Sexual Reproduction in Plants (Fig. 13.13)
› Clones, Mitosis, and Why Sexual Reproduction Is Different
• Ecosystems — 14 classes
› 13.1 Eco-system: What are Its Components?
› 13.1.1 Food Chains and Webs, and the Flow of Energy
› Table 12.1: Biotic and Abiotic Components, and How a Fish Lives in a Pond
› What an Ecosystem Is, Aquatic and Terrestrial, and the Ladder of Fig. 12.7
› Table 12.4, and the Words for Who Eats What
› Activity 12.6's Food Chain, and Activity 12.7: Building the Pyramid
› Trophic Levels, and Activity 12.8: From Food Chain to Food Web
› 12.6 Decomposers and Saprotrophs, and the Migratory Birds of Khichan
› 12.7 One Change Leads to Another, and Activity 12.9: Why Frog Legs Were Banned
› Mutualism, Commensalism, Parasitism, and A. J. T. Johnsingh
› 12.9.1 Human-Made Ecosystems, the Green Revolution, and Activity 12.10
› Activity 12.4: Three Criteria, and Filling In Table 12.3
› Biogeochemical Cycles and the Water Cycle
› The Carbon and Nitrogen Cycles in Nature
• Human Body – Endocrine, Circulatory and Nervous Systems — 13 classes
› Nervous Tissue
› Transportation in Human Beings: The Heart
› 6.1 Animals - the Nervous System and How a Stimulus is Detected
› 6.1.1 What Happens in Reflex Actions?
› 6.1.2 The Human Brain and Its Parts
› 6.1.3 and 6.1.4 How Nervous Tissue is Protected and How It Causes Action
› 6.3 Hormones in Animals: the Endocrine Glands
› Feedback Control of Hormones in the Body
› Blood Pressure and Blood Vessels
› Blood: Plasma and the Three Kinds of Blood Cells
› Double Circulation: The Path of Blood Through the Body
› Blood Groups and Safe Blood Transfusion
› When Hormones Go Wrong: Diabetes and Thyroid Disorders
• Health and Hygiene — 17 classes
› Mindful Eating: A Path to a Healthy Body — part 5
› Mindful Eating: A Path to a Healthy Body — part 8
› 3.1 Health Is More Than Not Falling Sick: Activity 3.1, the WHO Definition, and Fig. 3.1
› 3.2 How Can We Stay Healthy? Activity 3.2: Listing Good Habits and Bad Ones
› 3.2.1 Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle: the Seven Rules and Fig. 3.2
› 3.2.2 Keep the Environment Clean: Activity 3.3, the Two Playgrounds of Fig. 3.3, and the AQI
› 3.3 Signs and Symptoms, and 3.4 What a Disease Is and the Two Types
› 3.4.1 How Communicable Diseases Spread, Fig. 3.4, and What a Vector Is
› Activity 3.4 and Table 3.1, Part One: The Diseases That Travel Through the Air
› Table 3.1, Part Two: The Diseases That Travel Through Water and Food
› Table 3.1, Part Three: Malaria and Dengue, and the Eight Everyday Precautions
› 3.4.2 Non-Communicable Diseases: Deficiency Diseases, Chronic Illness, and Diabetes in India
› 3.5 Prevention Is Better Than Cure: Activity 3.6, the Bhadrak Campaign, and Immunity
› Vaccines and Acquired Immunity: How They Are Made, and the Tetanus Shot
› Vaccines Are Preventive, Not Curative: India's Vaccine Production, M. K. Bhan, and 3.5.1 Antibiotics
› Fleming's Chance Discovery of Penicillin, and How Antibiotic Resistance Spreads (Fig. 3.5a)
› Activity 3.7 and Fig. 3.5b: Using Antibiotics Wisely, and What Traditional Medicine Can and Cannot Do
• Food Production — 9 classes
› Why the Dough Rises, and Activity 2.9: Two Bowls of Milk
› Lactobacillus, Rhizobium in the Root Nodules, and 2.4.3 Microalgae
› 10.4.3 Food processing
› Biotechnology in Food, Cleaning and the Environment
› 2.4 How Are We Connected to Microbes? Pickles, and Activity 2.7
› Useful Products from Plants: Food, Fibre, Timber, Oils and Dyes
› Useful Products from Animals: Milk, Eggs, Honey, Silk and Lac
› Animal Husbandry: Dairy Farming and Poultry
› Bee-Keeping and Silk Production as Rural Occupations
3 Chemistry 9 chapters · 101 classes
• Matter — 13 classes
› Grinding Without End: What a Constituent Particle Is
› 7.2 Interparticle Attractions, and Acharya Kanad's Parmanu
› 7.2.1 The Solid State: Activity 7.3 (Fig. 7.3) and the Melting Pictures of Fig. 7.4
› What a Melting Point Is, the Odd Case of Ice, and Table 7.1
› 7.2.2 The Liquid State: Activity 7.4 and the Three Containers of Fig. 7.5
› A Finger Through Water (Fig. 7.6), the Boiling Point, and Why Spilled Water Disappears
› 7.2.3 The Gaseous State: Activity 7.5 and the Two Gas Jars of Fig. 7.7
› Why Gases Fill Everything: the Iodine Version (Fig. 7.8), and What a Fluid Is
› 7.3 Activity 7.6: The Syringe (Fig. 7.9), and Why Water Will Not Compress
› 7.4 Activity 7.8: Potassium Permanganate Spreading Through Water (Fig. 7.13)
› Activity 7.9: An Incense Stick in the Corner of a Room (Fig. 7.14), and How Soap Lifts Oil (Fig. 7.15)
› Thermal Energy Decides the State, and the 'Let Us Wrap Up!' Table
› Snapshots, and Keep the Curiosity Alive: Questions 1 and 2(i) to 2(iv)
• Physical and Chemical Changes — 11 classes
› Four Students, Four Changes: the Ice, the Bottle, the Bud and the Banana
› Activity 5.1 and Table 5.1: Eleven Everyday Changes, and the Senses That Notice Them
› 5.1 Physical Change: Activity 5.2 with Paper, a Balloon and Chalk (Fig. 5.1)
› 5.2 Chemical Change: Activity 5.3, Blowing into Tap Water and Lime Water (Fig. 5.2)
› The Chemical Equation, and Activity 5.4: Vinegar and Baking Soda (Fig. 5.3)
› 5.3.1 Rusting and 5.3.2 Combustion: Activity 5.5 and the Covered Candle (Figs. 5.4, 5.5, 5.6)
› Why the Covered Candle Goes Out, the Blanket Rule, and the Fireflies
› Activity 5.6: Ignition Temperature and the Fire Triangle (Figs. 5.7, 5.8)
› Activity 5.7: What Happens When a Candle Burns, and Faraday's Lectures (Fig. 5.9)
› 5.5 Are Changes Permanent? Activity 5.8 and Table 5.2, and 5.6 Desirable Changes
› Undesirable Changes, Compost and Pollution, and 5.7.1 Weathering of Rocks (Fig. 5.10)
• Elements, Compounds and Mixtures — 15 classes
› Methods of Separation in Everyday Life — part 1
› Methods of Separation in Everyday Life — part 3
› Methods of Separation in Everyday Life — part 5
› Methods of Separation in Everyday Life — part 7
› Nature of Matter : and Mixtures — part 2
› Nature of Matter : and Mixtures — part 3
› Nature of Matter : and Mixtures — part 4
› Nature of Matter : and Mixtures — part 5
› Nature of Matter : and Mixtures — part 6
› Nature of Matter : and Mixtures — part 7
› Nature of Matter : and Mixtures — part 8
› Nature of Matter : and Mixtures — part 1
› Methods of Separation in Everyday Life — part 9
› Elements, Compounds and Mixtures: Telling Them Apart
› Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Mixtures: Solutions, Suspensions and Colloids
• Atomic Structure — 12 classes
› Is the Atom the Smallest Thing?
› Thomson and the Electron
› Testing Thomson: The Gold Foil Experiment
› Rutherford's Nuclear Model
› Bohr's Model of the Atom
› The Neutron, and What Gives an Atom Its Mass
› Atomic Number and Mass Number
› How Electrons Fill the Shells
› Valency
› Dalton's Atomic Theory
› Isotopes, and Average Atomic Mass
› Isobars, and a Story Not Yet Finished
• Language of Chemistry — 8 classes
› Symbols of Elements
› How Atoms Combine: The Covalent Bond
› Naming Covalent Compounds
› Ionic Bonds
› Naming Ions and Ionic Compounds
› Writing Chemical Formulae
› Radicals and Their Valencies
› The Criss-cross Method for Writing Formulae
• Chemical Reactions — 15 classes
› What a Chemical Reaction Is, and How You Know One Has Happened
› 1.1 Chemical Equations: From a Sentence to a Chemical Equation
› 1.1.2 Balanced Chemical Equations: the Idea
› 1.2 Types of Chemical Reactions: Combination Reactions and Exothermic/Endothermic Reactions
› 1.2.2 Decomposition by Heating: Thermal Decomposition
› 1.2.3 Displacement Reactions
› 1.2.4 Double Displacement Reactions and Precipitation
› 1.2.5 Oxidation and Reduction: Redox Reactions
› 1.3 Effects of Oxidation in Everyday Life: Corrosion and Rancidity
› 1.1.2 Balancing by Hit-and-Trial: a Worked Example
› 1.2.2 Decomposition by Light and Electricity
› 4.3 Burning Magnesium: Activity 4.6 and a Basic Oxide (Figs. 4.5, 4.6)
› 3.2.1 and 3.2.2 Metals Burnt in Air, and Metals with Water
› Heating Carbonates and Hydrates: What Is Formed
› Acidic and Basic Oxides of Non-metals and Metals
• Hydrogen — 6 classes
› Occurrence and Physical Properties of Hydrogen
› Preparing Hydrogen in the Laboratory from Zinc and Dilute Acid
› Collecting Hydrogen and Testing for It
› Chemical Properties of Hydrogen: Burning and Reducing Action
› Hydrogen in Acids and Organic Compounds
› Hydrogen as a Fuel and Its Other Uses
• Water — 12 classes
› Nature’s Treasures — part 3
› A Journey through States of Water — part 8
› A Journey through States of Water — part 1
› A Journey through States of Water — part 2
› A Journey through States of Water — part 3
› ORS, Uniform and Non-Uniform Mixtures, and 9.1 Solute, Solvent, Solution
› The Chashni Puzzle, and Activity 9.1: How Much Salt Will Water Take?
› Saturated and Unsaturated, Concentration, Dilute and Concentrated, Solubility
› Activity 9.2: Baking Soda at 20, 50 and 70 °C, and Asima Chatterjee
› Sources of Water: Sea, Well, River, Lake, Pond and Rain
› Water as a Universal Solvent and Its Uses
› Making Water Fit for Drinking
• Carbon and its Compounds — 9 classes
› 4.1 Bonding in Carbon: Why Carbon Shares Electrons
› 4.2 The Versatile Nature of Carbon: Catenation and Tetravalency
› 4.3.1 Chemical Properties of Carbon Compounds: Combustion
› 4.1 Sharing Electrons: the Covalent Bond Idea
› Allotropes of Carbon: Diamond, Graphite and Fullerenes
› Carbon in Living Things and Everyday Products
› Fuels from Carbon: Coal, Petroleum and Natural Gas
› Hydrocarbons: Saturated and Unsaturated
› Carbon Dioxide: Preparation, Properties and Uses
4 Computer Studies 6 chapters · 57 classes
• Operating System (OS) and Graphical User Interface — 9 classes
› 2.2 Identify Key Functions of Operating Systems in Computer Systems
› 2.3 Analyze Common Operating Systems: Features and Use Cases
› 2.1 Explore the Basics of Operating Systems
› 2.2 Identify Different Types of Operating Systems
› 2.3 Understand the Functions of an Operating System
› 2.4 Navigate the Graphical User Interface (GUI)
› Character User Interface and Graphical User Interface Compared
› Booting the Computer: What the Operating System Does at Start-up
› Managing Files, Folders, Memory and Devices Through the Operating System
• Spreadsheet – Functions and Charts — 14 classes
› 4.3 Creating Basic Formulas and Functions
› 4.4 Utilizing Charts and Graphs for Data Visualization
› Formulae, and why they begin with an equals sign
› Mathematical operators and the order of evaluation
› Formulae built from cell addresses
› Why functions are needed: SUM and AVERAGE
› MAX, MIN and COUNT
› Copying formulae with copy-paste and with the fill handle
› Referencing, and relative referencing
› Mixed and absolute referencing, and the thumb rule
› Charts: why they are used, the types, and creating one
› What a spreadsheet is, and what Calc can do
› Why functions are needed: SUM and AVERAGE
› Charts: why they are used, the types, and creating one
• Algorithms and Flowcharts — 6 classes
› 1.1 Define Algorithms and Their Importance in Coding
› 1.2 Identify Different Types of Algorithms in Daily Life
› 1.3 Introduction to Flowcharts and Their Components
› 1.4 Create Basic Flowcharts for Simple Processes
› 1.5 Translate Algorithms into Flowcharts Step-by-Step
› 1.6 Apply Algorithms and Flowcharts to Solve Real-World Problems
• Program Coding — 12 classes
› 3.1 Understand Python Syntax Basics
› 3.2 Explore Data Types and Variables in Python
› 3.3 Implement Basic Input and Output Functions
› 3.4 Create Simple Conditional Statements
› 3.5 Use Loops for Repetitive Tasks in Python
› 3.6 Develop a Basic Python Program from Scratch
› 3.1 Understand the Concept of Loops in Scratch
› 3.2 Create Basic Repeat Loops with Scratch Blocks
› 3.3 Explore Conditional Statements for Decision Making
› 3.4 Implement If-Else Conditions in Scratch Projects
› 6.1 Python Basics: Programs, Variables, Data Types and Input
› 6.2 Python Control: Decisions and Loops
• App Development — 7 classes
› What an App Is and Where Apps Run
› Types of Apps: Mobile, Desktop and Web Apps
› How Apps Work: Input, Processing and Output
› Uses of Apps in Daily Life, Learning and Business
› Free App Development Tools and Planning Your First App
› Building a Simple App Step by Step
› Testing and Sharing Your App
• Networks — 9 classes
› 3.1 Define Key Networking Concepts and Terminology
› 3.2 Identify Types of Network Topologies and Their Uses
› 3.3 Explain the Functionality of Network Devices
› 3.4 Describe the Basics of Internet Protocols (IP)
› 3.5 Demonstrate How to Set Up a Simple Local Area Network (LAN)
› 3.6 Explore the Role of Internet Safety and Security Practices
› 1.1 The Internet and the World Wide Web
› Computer Networks, Their Types and Devices
› 1.4 Explain the Concept of the Internet and Its Purpose
5 English 5 chapters · 70 classes
• Listening and Speaking — 27 classes
› Listen and Respond
› Speaking Activity
› Listen and Respond
› Speaking Activity
› Listen and Respond
› Speaking Activity
› Listen and Respond and Speaking Activity
› Listen and Respond
› Speaking Activity
› Listen and Respond
› Speaking Activity
› Listen and Respond
› Speaking Activity
› Listen and Respond
› Speaking Activity and Writing Task
› Listen and Respond
› Speaking Activity
› Listen and Respond
› Speaking Activity and Writing Task
› Listen and Respond
› Speaking Activity
› Listen and Respond
› Speaking Activity
› Save Mother Earth: Pollution, Role-play and Formal Letter
› Learning Beyond the Text
› Making notes and a summary from an academic talk
› Planning and delivering a short multimedia presentation
• Reading — 16 classes
› Reading for Meaning — Part I
› Reading for Meaning — Parts II and III
› Reading for Appreciation
› Reading for Meaning
› Reading for Appreciation
› Reading for Meaning — Part I
› Reading for Meaning — Part II
› Reading for Meaning — Part III
› Reading for Appreciation
› Environment: Heroes of the Environment and Let's Clean Up (Reading & Writing Skills)
› Environment: A Tale of Three Villages and Geological Heritage (Reading & Vocabulary)
› Education: Access, Rights and the Girl Child (Reading & Speaking Skills)
› Education: Inclusion, Choice and Determination (Reading & Vocabulary in Context)
› Reading a translated myth and its cultural background
› Reading folktales and legends in translation
› Evaluating a text in its social, political and cultural setting
• Writing — 11 classes
› Writing Task and Learning Beyond the Text
› Writing Task and Learning Beyond the Text
› Writing Task
› Writing Task
› Writing Task and Learning Beyond the Text
› Writing Task
› Comparing and Contrasting, and the Computer Survey
› Giving Advice, Letters to a Magazine and the Song We Are the World
› Health and Medicine: Sports and Nature's Medicines (Reading & Writing Skills)
› Researching a topic and defending your view in writing
› Creative writing: developing a story or poem step by step
• Grammar and Vocabulary in Context — 11 classes
› Vocabulary and Structures in Context
› Vocabulary in Context
› Vocabulary and Structures in Context
› Vocabulary in Context
› Vocabulary and Structures in Context
› Vocabulary in Context
› Vocabulary and Structures in Context
› Vocabulary in Context
› Vocabulary and Structures in Context
› Vocabulary in Context
› Using grammar accurately in emails, posts and other digital texts
• English Literature - Suggested Reading List — 5 classes
› The suggested reading list: how to choose a book and keep a reading journal
› Reading fiction from the list: plot, character and setting
› Reading poetry and drama from the list: theme and language
› Reading non-fiction from the list: biography and travel writing
› Responding to a book: review and class discussion
6 Geography 8 chapters · 77 classes
• Representation of Geographical Features — 7 classes
› Contours: What They Are and How They Are Drawn
› Slopes Shown by Contour Patterns: Gentle, Steep and Uneven
› Landforms on Contour Maps: Hills, Valleys and Plateaus
› Conventional Symbols and Colours on a Toposheet
› Reading a Toposheet: Scale, Grid and Marginal Information
› Settlements, Drainage and Land Use on a Toposheet
› Measuring Distance and Direction on a Toposheet
• Population Dynamics — 11 classes
› Getting started: the dynamics of population
› What is demography?
› Population at a glance
› What determines the population of a country?
› Birth and fertility rates
› Death rate and migration
› How do countries experience population change?
› India's population: composition and trends
› India's demographic dividend
› Review and activities
› Case Study: How Rapid Population Growth Affects Development
• Migration — 7 classes
› What Is Migration? Push and Pull Factors
› Types of Migration: Internal and International, Temporary and Permanent
› Migration Streams: Rural to Urban and Other Directions
› Why People Move: Economic, Social and Environmental Causes
› Effects of Migration on the Source and Destination Areas
› Migration of Skilled People: The Brain Drain from India
› Case Study of a Migration Stream
• Urbanisation — 8 classes
› Getting started: India's urban landscape
› Population density in cities
› How do cities become centres of economic activity?
› What leads to urbanisation? The process of urbanisation
› Cities as cultural hubs
› Challenges faced by cities
› Planning our cities
› Effects of Rapid Urbanisation and Its Link with Migration
• Natural and Man-made Disasters — 15 classes
› Convection Currents, and the Three Kinds of Plate Boundary
› The Map of the Plates, the Ring of Fire, and Why the Theory Matters
› Where Earthquakes and Volcanoes Strike, and India's Risk
› Bhūkampa: Varāhamihira's Account, and What a Volcano Leaves Behind
› Landslides: Natural and Human Causes
› Avalanches: Why Snow Slides
› Glacial Lake Outburst Floods
› Monsoon Failure, Climates and Disasters, (a) Cyclones, and the NDRF (Fig. 3.12)
› How a Cyclone Forms, the Eye of the Cyclone (Fig. 3.13), and Think About It: What Clouds Are Made Of
› (b) Floods: Rivers, Glacial Bursts and Kedarnath 2013, and Urban Flooding (Figs. 3.14, 3.15)
› (c) Landslides and (d) Forest Fires, and the Let's Explore on Fig. 3.15
› Man-made Disasters: Industrial Accidents, Fires and Pollution
› Disaster Management: Before, During and After a Disaster
› The Role of the Government in Disaster Management
› Case Study: A Major Disaster and the Lessons Learned
• Asia: The Largest Continent — 6 classes
› The continents: variety on land
› Asia
› Location, Extent and Boundaries of Asia
› Physical Features of Asia: Mountains, Plateaus and Plains
› Climate and Natural Vegetation of Asia
› Rivers, Resources and People of Asia
• India: Geographical Features — 17 classes
› The Big Questions, Fig. 1.1 Jog Falls, and India as a Subcontinent of Five Regions
› The Himalayas: Reading a 2500-km Wall on the Map and in Fig. 1.2
› Gaumukh and Fig. 1.3, the Eight Thousanders, and the Water Tower of Asia
› How the Himalayas Were Formed: Gondwana, the Collision, and Figs. 1.4 and 1.5
› Himadri, Himachal and Shivalik: The Three Ranges, and the Kath-kuni House of Fig. 1.6
› The Great Himalayan National Park: Reading the Seven Pictures of Fig. 1.7
› The Cold Desert of India: Moonland (Fig. 1.8), Yaks (Fig. 1.9) and Pangong Tso (Fig. 1.10)
› The Gangetic Plains: Rivers, Multi-cropping, Transport and the Night Lights of Fig. 1.16
› The Great Indian Desert: Sand Dunes (Fig. 1.21), Jaisalmer (Fig. 1.22) and the Pushkar Mela (Fig. 1.23)
› Water in the Thar: Scouring with Sand, Taanka and Kunds (Fig. 1.24)
› The Aravalli Hills: 2.5 Billion Years Old, the Zinc of Zawar, and Kumbhalgarh (Figs. 1.25, 1.26)
› The Peninsular Plateau: What a Plateau Is, and the Western and Eastern Ghats
› The Deccan: Forests, Tribal Communities, Waterfalls and Coal (Figs. 1.27 to 1.32)
› India's Amazing Coastlines: The West Coast and The East Coast (Figs. 1.33, 1.34, 1.35)
› The Indian Islands: Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar, Barren Island, and the Sundarbans (Figs. 1.36 to 1.40)
› The Hills of the Northeast: Garo, Khasi and Jaintia, and the Three Views of Fig. 1.41
› Mawlynnong and the Living Root Bridges (Fig. 1.42), Before We Move On, and Questions and Activities 1 to 9
• India: Human Resources — 6 classes
› Factors of Production — part 3
› Factors of Production — part 4
› People as a Resource: Human Capital and Development
› Health, Education and Skills as National Assets
› Case Study: Natural Resources Left Unused for Want of Skilled People
› Government Programmes to Build Skills and Employment
7 History & Civics 10 chapters · 146 classes
• History: A Period of Transition — 10 classes
› 6 Nationalism and Imperialism
› 1 Before the Industrial Revolution
› 2 Hand Labour and Steam Power
› 3 Industrialisation in the Colonies
› 4 Factories Come Up
› 5 The Peculiarities of Industrial Growth
› 3 The Print Revolution and Its Impact
› The Renaissance: Rebirth of Learning in Europe
› Renaissance in Art, Literature and Science
› Effects of the Renaissance on Religion and Politics
• History: The Growth of Nationalism — 8 classes
› 1 The French Revolution and the Idea of the Nation
› 2 The Making of Nationalism in Europe
› 3 The Age of Revolutions: 1830-1848
› The Making of the National Movement: 1870s–1947 — part 1
› The Making of the National Movement: 1870s–1947 — part 3
› The American Revolution: Causes and the Thirteen Colonies
› The War of Independence and the Declaration of Independence
› Impact of the French and American Revolutions on Rights and Liberty
• History: India in the 18th Century — 12 classes
› Alamgir: How Aurangzeb Took the Throne, and What He Then Banned
› The Argument About Aurangzeb's Motives, and the Farman of 1669
› 'I Came Alone and Am Going Away Alone', and How to Read a Darker Period
› The Rise of the Sikhs: From Ik Onkar to the Khalsa
› Sis Ganj Sahib, Ranjit Singh, and Fig. 2.27: The Whole Chapter in One Diagram
› From Trade to Territory — part 1
› Reading Fig. 2.16: The Mughals and the Rise of Regional Powers
› Reading Fig. 2.12: Kingdoms in the Deccan and the Vijayanagara Empire
› Decline of the Mughal Empire After Aurangzeb
› Independent Regional Kingdoms: Bengal, Awadh and Hyderabad
› The Marathas Under the Peshwas
› Invasions of Nadir Shah and Ahmad Shah Abdali
• History: Traders to Rulers — 15 classes
› The Age of Colonialism: Five Nations and Four Motives
› Colachel 1741, and Dupleix's Two Inventions
› Reading Fig. 4.6: A Fortified, Grid-Planned Pondicherry in 1764
› From Traders to Rulers, and the Painting the Company Commissioned
› Divide and Rule, and the Betrayal at Plassey
› The Doctrine of Lapse, the Princely States, and an Empire on the Cheap
› From Trade to Territory — part 2
› From Trade to Territory — part 3
› From Trade to Territory — part 4
› From Trade to Territory — part 5
› From Trade to Territory — part 6
› From Trade to Territory — part 7
› From Trade to Territory — part 8
› The Battle of Buxar and the Grant of the Diwani
› Subsidiary Alliance and the Wars Against Mysore and the Marathas
• History: British Policies and Impacts — 26 classes
› Civilising the “Native”, Educating the Nation — part 1
› Civilising the “Native”, Educating the Nation — part 2
› Civilising the “Native”, Educating the Nation — part 3
› Civilising the “Native”, Educating the Nation — part 4
› Civilising the “Native”, Educating the Nation — part 5
› Civilising the “Native”, Educating the Nation — part 6
› Civilising the “Native”, Educating the Nation — part 7
› One-Fourth of World GDP: India Before the Europeans Came
› Vasco da Gama's Second Voyage, the Cartaz, and Rani Abbakka
› The Goa Inquisition, and the Dutch in India
› The Bengal Famine of 1770, and W.W. Hunter's Account
› Grain for Export While People Died: Lytton and the Free Market
› Fifty to a Hundred Million, and the Drain of India's Wealth
› 45 Trillion Dollars: Naoroji, Dutt and the Men Who Counted
› Reading Fig. 4.14: What 'The East Offering Its Riches to Britannia' Is Saying
› Muslin to Ruin: The Decline of India's Textile Industry
› 'The Bones of the Cotton Weavers', and the Little Republics
› Macaulay's Minute of 1835, and the Schools That Disappeared
› Railways Built for Whom? Reshaping an Economy to Serve an Empire
› 'Indians Funded Their Own Subjugation', and the Jewel in the Crown
› From Trade to Territory — part 9
› Ruling the Countryside — part 4
› Before We Move On, and Questions 1 to 3
› Tribals, Dikus and the Vision of a Golden Age — part 6
› Land Revenue Systems: Permanent Settlement, Ryotwari and Mahalwari
› British Administration: Civil Service, Army, Police and Courts
• History: The Great Uprising of 1857 — 11 classes
› When People Revolt — part 1
› When People Revolt — part 2
› When People Revolt — part 3
› When People Revolt — part 4
› When People Revolt — part 5
› When People Revolt — part 6
› When People Revolt — part 7
› When People Revolt — part 8
› The Making of the National Movement: 1870s–1947 — part 2
› The Indigo Revolt, and Why 'Sepoy Mutiny' Was Rejected
› After 1857: The Government of India Act 1858 and the Queen's Proclamation
• History: Socio-Religious Reforms — 13 classes
› Women, Caste and Reform — part 1
› Women, Caste and Reform — part 2
› Women, Caste and Reform — part 3
› Women, Caste and Reform — part 4
› Women, Caste and Reform — part 5
› Women, Caste and Reform — part 6
› Women, Caste and Reform — part 7
› Women, Caste and Reform — part 8
› 7 Religious Reform and Public Debates
› Raja Ram Mohan Roy and the Brahmo Samaj
› Dayananda Saraswati and the Arya Samaj
› Ramakrishna, Vivekananda and the Aligarh Movement
› Jyotiba Phule, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar and Reform for Women
• History: India’s Struggle for Freedom — 27 classes
› The Making of the National Movement: 1870s–1947 — part 4
› The Making of the National Movement: 1870s–1947 — part 5
› The Making of the National Movement: 1870s–1947 — part 6
› The Making of the National Movement: 1870s–1947 — part 7
› The Making of the National Movement: 1870s–1947 — part 8
› The Making of the National Movement: 1870s–1947 — part 9
› The Making of the National Movement: 1870s–1947 — part 10
› Getting started: the long road to independence
› A Royal Proclamation
› Reform movements and other influences
› The rise of the Indian National Congress
› Growing discontent
› The 1905 Partition of Bengal and nationalism
› The nationalist agenda
› The All-India Muslim League and the 1907 Surat Split
› The revolutionaries
› Home Rule Movement and the Lucknow Pact
› Gandhi and the Non-Cooperation Movement
› The Jallianwala Bagh massacre and its aftermath
› The Khilafat Movement and its aftermath
› Protests, repression, revenge and more revolutionary action
› Purna Swaraj and Civil Disobedience
› The Gandhi-Irwin Pact
› Separate nations, World War II and the Indian National Army
› The Quit India Movement
› Partition, turmoil and independence
› Review and activities
• Civics: The Three main Organs of the Indian Government: Legislature, Executive, Judiciary — 18 classes
› The Parliamentary System: Legislature and Executive — part 1
› The Parliamentary System: Legislature and Executive — part 2
› The Parliamentary System: Legislature and Executive — part 3
› The Parliamentary System: Legislature and Executive — part 4
› The Parliamentary System: Legislature and Executive — part 5
› The Parliamentary System: Legislature and Executive — part 6
› The Parliamentary System: Legislature and Executive — part 7
› The Parliamentary System: Legislature and Executive — part 8
› The Parliamentary System: Legislature and Executive — part 9
› The Parliamentary System: Legislature and Executive — part 10
› The Parliamentary System: Legislature and Executive — part 11
› The Parliamentary System: Legislature and Executive — part 12
› Legislature (Fig. 6.10) and Executive: The Political and the Permanent Halves of the Government
› Reading Fig. 6.11's Hierarchy, the Five Great Services, and C.B. Muthamma's Case (Fig. 6.12)
› Why the Judiciary Matters, and Three Tiers (Fig. 6.17): How Local Government Became the Third
› Reading Fig. 6.19: How Three Levels and Three Organs Run One School System
› Grassroots Democracy — Part 1: Governance — part 2
› Separation of Powers, and the Judiciary
• Civics: United Nations — 6 classes
› Why the United Nations Was Formed: From the League of Nations to 1945
› Aims and Principles of the United Nations
› The General Assembly and the Security Council
› ECOSOC, the International Court of Justice and the Secretariat
› UN Agencies: UNESCO, WHO, UNICEF and FAO
› India and the United Nations
8 Hindi (Second Language) 3 chapters · 17 classes
• सुनना और बोलना — 5 classes
› Listening Carefully to a Spoken Hindi Passage and Noting Main Points
› Speaking Hindi Clearly: Pronunciation, Pace and Expression
› Conversation and Discussion in Hindi on Everyday Topics
› Narrating an Event or Experience Aloud in Hindi
› Reciting Poems and Speaking Before an Audience in Hindi
• पढ़ना एवं लिखना (पठन एवं लेखन कौशल) — 5 classes
› Reading Hindi Prose Fluently and Understanding Its Main Idea
› Reading Hindi Poetry for Meaning and Feeling
› Writing a Paragraph in Hindi on a Given Topic
› Writing Letters and Applications in Hindi
› Writing a Short Story or Essay in Hindi
• व्याकरण और भाषा — 7 classes
› Nouns, Pronouns and Gender and Number in Hindi
› Verbs and Tenses in Hindi
› Adjectives and Adverbs in Hindi
› Case Markers and Conjunctions in Hindi
› Synonyms, Antonyms and Opposites in Hindi
› Idioms and Proverbs in Hindi
› Punctuation and Sentence Correction in Hindi
9 Mathematics 6 chapters · 185 classes
• Number System — 12 classes
› 3.4 Fractions, Negative Fractions and the Set of Rational Numbers
› 3.4 Brahmagupta's Laws for Rational Numbers, and Closure
› 3.4.1 Rational Numbers on the Number Line, and Absolute Value
› 3.4.2 The Density of Rational Numbers
› 3.5 Irrational Numbers: Baudhayana's Problem and the Diagonal
› 3.5.2 Constructing an Irrational Length with Ruler and Compass
› 3.5.3 The Story of Pi and Madhava's Infinite Series
› 3.6 Real Numbers: Terminating, Repeating, and How to Tell in Advance
› 1.3 Revisiting Irrational Numbers, and Theorem 1.2
› Laws of Exponents and Powers with Integer Exponents
› Squares, Square Roots, Cubes and Cube Roots of Perfect Numbers
› Comparing and Ordering Rational Numbers
• Ratio and Proportion — 53 classes
› Per Cent Means Out of a Hundred
› Three Methods for Turning a Fraction into a Percentage
› Figure it Out: Six Fractions, Nandini's Marbles, and the Long-Distance Run
› Why 100 and Not 10 or 43, and Where 'Per Hundred' Came From
› 1.2 Percentage of Some Quantity: Who Ate More Sugar?
› Free-hand Computations: The Mental Percentage Table
› The FDP Trio: Fractions, Decimals and Percentages
› Three Routes to 60 Marks, and the Millet Kanji Ratio
› Four Ways to Finish the Ride to Agra
› Percentages Greater Than 100: Kishanlal's Eight Days
› Figure it Out: Missing Numbers, Bar Models and Comparisons
› Figure it Out: Fill in the Blanks, and Mariam's Peculiar Bull
› Word Problems, and 1.3 Using Percentages to Compare Proportions
› Know Your Contents: Reading Two Badam Drink Labels
› Percentage Decrease, and What Cost Price, Marked Price and Selling Price Mean
› Profit and Loss Worked: The Sweater, the Old Rice, the Damaged Vase
› Discounts, Gross Profit and Net Profit
› Taxes: Checking the GST on a Real Bill
› Figure it Out: Samson's Car, Two Buffaloes, and Cameras Down 85 Per Cent
› Interest, Compounding, and Why 6000 Becomes 7986
› The General Formulas: p(1 + rt) and p(1 + r) Multiplied t Times
› Figure it Out: Jasmine, the Post Office, and Bacteria That Double
› Decline: A Depreciating TV, a Shrinking Village, and Would You Rather?
› Tricky Percentages: Cakely versus Cakify, and Surbhi's Mishap
› Figure it Out: Bengaluru, World Population Shares, and GST on a Phone
› Figure it Out: x% of y, the Excursion, and Three Shop Deals
› Figure it Out: The 99 Per Cent Left-Handed Room, and Reading a Bar Graph
› Summary of the Chapter, and the Peaceful Knights Puzzle
› 3.1 A Quick Recap: Testing Two Ratios by Cross-Multiplication
› 3.2 Ratios in Maps: What RF 1 : 60,00,000 Means
› 3.3 Ratios with More than Two Terms: The Spice Mix
› 3.4 Dividing a Whole in a Given Ratio: Concrete and Paint
› Angles in a Ratio, and Figure it Out: Coins, Books and Triangles
› 3.6 Inverse Proportions: When More Means Less
› The Rule xy = k, and Checking It on the Table
› Figure it Out: Spotting Inverse Proportion in a Table
› Pumps, Provisions, and Two People Working Together
› Figure it Out: Which Pairs Are Inverse, and Reading Sleep Charts
› Two Pumps Together, Machines, Speed, and the Summary
› Proportional Reasoning-1 — part 1
› Proportional Reasoning-1 — part 2
› Proportional Reasoning-1 — part 3
› Proportional Reasoning-1 — part 4
› Proportional Reasoning-1 — part 5
› Proportional Reasoning-1 — part 6
› Proportional Reasoning-1 — part 7
› Proportional Reasoning-1 — part 8
› Proportional Reasoning-1 — part 9
› Proportional Reasoning-1 — part 10
› Proportional Reasoning-1 — part 11
› Proportional Reasoning-1 — part 12
› Proportional Reasoning-1 — part 13
› The Unitary Method in Everyday Buying and Selling
• Algebra — 22 classes
› 3.1 Introduction: Akhila at the Fair, and Two Equations at Once
› 3.2 Consistent, Inconsistent and Dependent Pairs
› Table 3.1: Comparing the Ratios of the Coefficients
› Example 1: Checking Consistency Graphically
› Examples 2 and 3: Coincident Lines, and Champa's Pants and Skirts
› Exercise 3.1: Forming and Testing Pairs of Equations
› 3.3 Algebraic Methods, and 3.3.1 The Substitution Method
› The Three Steps of Substitution, and Example 5: Aftab and His Daughter
› Examples 6 and 7: When There Is No Unique Answer
› Exercise 3.2: Practising the Substitution Method
› 3.3.2 The Elimination Method, and Example 8: Two Incomes
› The Four Steps of Elimination, and Example 9
› Example 10: A Two-Digit Number and Its Reverse
› Exercise 3.3: Elimination and Substitution Together
› 3.4 Summary
› Algebra Play — part 1
› Algebra Play — part 2
› Algebra Play — part 3
› Algebra Play — part 4
› Algebra Play — part 5
› Proportions as Special Linear Equations: y = mx
› Describing the Link Between Arm Span and Height with a Linear Equation
• Geometry — 29 classes
› What Makes a Figure a Quadrilateral, and What Does Not
› 4.1 Rectangles and Squares, and the Carpenter's Problem
› Deduction 1: Why the Diagonals of a Rectangle Are Equal
› Deduction 2: Why the Diagonals Bisect Each Other
› Deduction 3: A 60 Degree Angle Between the Diagonals Still Gives a Rectangle
› The General Proof: Any Angle x Between Equal Bisecting Diagonals
› Carpenters, Farmers, and the Difference Between a Conjecture and a Proof
› Deduction 4: Three Definitions of a Rectangle, and Its Four Properties
› A Special Rectangle: The Square, and the First Venn Diagram
› Deduction 5: The Diagonals of a Square Meet at Right Angles
› Figure it Out: Angles in Rectangles, and Building One from Two Sticks
› 4.2 Angles in a Quadrilateral: Why They Always Add to 360 Degrees
› 4.3 Parallelograms: Constructing One from 4 cm, 5 cm and 30 Degrees
› Deduction 6: The Angles of a Parallelogram
› Deduction 7: The Opposite Sides of a Parallelogram Are Equal
› Deduction 8: The Diagonals of a Parallelogram Bisect Each Other
› 4.4 The Rhombus: Constructing One, and Deduction 9 on Its Angles
› Why Every Rhombus Is a Parallelogram, and Where the Square Sits
› Deduction 10, and Figure it Out on Parallelograms and Rhombuses
› 4.5 Playing with Quadrilaterals: The Geoboard, and Joining Two Triangles
› Joining Scalene Triangles, and 4.6 The Kite
› The Trapezium, and Proving the Base Angles of an Isosceles One Equal
› Figure it Out: Kites, Trapeziums, a Venn Diagram and Two Rectangles
› Figure it Out Continued: Four Equal Sides, Opposite Sides Equal, and Seven True-or-False Claims
› The SUMMARY: Five Quadrilaterals, Their Definitions and the Full Venn Diagram
› Which Quad? Folding a Sheet Into Creases
› Checking Your Own Work: Reading the Book's Answer Key
› Constructing Quadrilaterals from Given Sides, Angles and Diagonals
› Exterior Angle of a Triangle and the Angle Sum Property
• Mensuration — 32 classes
› Area — part 1
› Area — part 2
› Area — part 3
› Area — part 4
› Area — part 5
› Area — part 6
› Area — part 7
› Area — part 8
› Area — part 9
› 6.1 Perimeter, and the Ratio That Stays Fixed
› 6.4 The Length of an Arc of a Circle
› 6.4 A Closer Look at a 400 m Athletics Track
› 6.6 and 6.7 Area of a Rectangle and of a Parallelogram
› 6.8 Area of a Triangle: Two Ways to the Formula
› 6.10 Why the Ratio C Squared to A Is the Same for All Circles
› 6.10.1 The Area of a Sector, and What a Segment Is
› Perimeter and Area — part 1
› Perimeter and Area — part 2
› Perimeter and Area — part 3
› Perimeter and Area — part 4
› Perimeter and Area — part 5
› Perimeter and Area — part 6
› Perimeter and Area — part 7
› Perimeter and Area — part 8
› Perimeter and Area — part 9
› Perimeter and Area — part 10
› 12.1 Key Concepts and Multiple Choice Practice
› 12.2 Short Answer Practice
› 12.3 Long Answer Practice
› Area of a Trapezium by Splitting It into Triangles
› Area of Polygons by Dividing Them into Known Shapes
› Surface Area and Volume of a Cuboid and a Cube
• Data Handling — 37 classes
› 13.1 Introduction, and the Mean Formula Recalled
› Sigma Notation and Example 1: The Mean of Ungrouped Data
› Grouping the Data: Class Intervals and the Class Mark
› The Direct Method, and Why the Two Answers Differ
› The Assumed Mean: Choosing a and Finding the Deviations
› Proving That the Mean Is a Plus the Mean Deviation
› The Step-Deviation Method
› Example 2: All Three Methods on One Table
› Example 3: Unequal Class Sizes and Large Values
› Exercise 13.1 Questions 1 to 3
› Exercise 13.1 Questions 4 to 6
› Exercise 13.1 Questions 7 to 9
› 13.3 Mode of Grouped Data: Example 4 and the Modal Class
› Example 5: The Mode of Family Size
› Example 6: Mode and Mean Compared
› Exercise 13.2 Questions 1 to 3
› Exercise 13.2 Questions 4 to 6
› 13.4 Median of Grouped Data: Ungrouped Median and Cumulative Frequency
› The Two Kinds of Cumulative Frequency Distribution
› The Median Class and the Median Formula
› Example 7: Median Height from a 'Less Than' Table
› Example 8: Finding Missing Frequencies from a Given Median
› Which Measure Is Best Suited, and the Empirical Relationship
› Exercise 13.3 Questions 1 to 4
› Exercise 13.3 Questions 5 to 7
› 13.5 Summary and the Note to the Reader
› Tales by Dots and Lines — part 1
› Tales by Dots and Lines — part 2
› Tales by Dots and Lines — part 3
› Data Handling and Presentation — part 9
› Data Handling and Presentation — part 16
› Data Handling and Presentation — part 1
› Data Handling and Presentation — part 6
› 13.1 Introduction
› 13.4 Median of Grouped Data
› Reading and Interpreting Pie Charts
› Chance and Probability: Outcomes of a Simple Experiment
10 Performing Arts 8 chapters · 60 classes
• Sound, Voice and Speech — 11 classes
› Where the Voice Comes From: The Three Voice Subsystems
› Activity 1.1: Clarity in Speech and the Tongue Twisters
› Activity 1.2: Diction, Speed, Intonation and Word Impact
› Volume and Pitch: What the Lion, the Mouse and the Owl Teach an Actor
› Activity 1.3: Guess the Animal Emotion
› Activity 1.4: If You Are an Actor - Choosing Volume and Pitch for Three Lines
› Activity 1.5: Speaking Without Language - Gibberish, Basic and Advanced
› Circle Time, and the Plays Recommended for Reading
› Good Speech Is a Life Skill: Key Takeaways and the Chapter Rubric
› Basic Terms: Sangeet, Dhwani, Nada, Shruti, Swara, Saptak, Alankar, Thaat, Jati
› Basic Terms of Sangeet, Nada, Swar and Thaat
• Space — 6 classes
› What Space Means in Dance, Theatre and Music
› Personal Space and General Space
› Levels, Directions and Pathways in Movement
› Stage Space and Stage Areas
› Silence and the Space Between Notes
› Using Space to Build a Scene
• Rhythm — 8 classes
› Music and your Emotions — part 6
› The Three Elements of Music, and Activity 5.1: Extending Your Range
› Activity 5.4: Sanskrit Verses and Rhythm - Anushtup Chhand
› Activity 5.5: Konnakkol in Adi Tala, at Three Speeds
› Activity 5.6: Swaras in Adi Tala, and the Tabla Patterns of Hindustani Music
› Activity 5.7: The Saraswati Paran, and Activity 5.8: Ek Gun to Chaugun
› Finding Rhythm in the Heartbeat, Breath and Daily Life
› Rhythm in Theatre and in Dance Movement
• Body Movement — 8 classes
› My Body in Motion — part 1
› My Body in Motion — part 2
› My Body in Motion — part 3
› My Body in Motion — part 4
› The Kati: Twisting, Side-to-Side and Back-and-Front Hip Movements
› Circular Hip Movement, and Activity 12.1: Dance with Hip Movements
› Choreography from Stage to Screen, Activity 12.3: My Creative Dance, and the Chapter 12 Rubric
› Movement as Non-verbal Communication and Its Place in Ritual and Prayer
• Composition — 6 classes
› What Composition Means in the Performing Arts
› Composing a Scene: Unity of Time, Space and Action
› Entries, Exits and the Flow of a Scene
› Composition in Dance: Formations and Patterns
› Composition in Music: Arranging Notes and Phrases
› Creating a Group Composition
• Art Vocabulary — 6 classes
› Why Art Vocabulary Matters
› Words and Terms of Theatre
› Words and Terms of Dance
› Words and Terms of Music
› Using the Right Words to Describe a Performance
› Word Games to Remember Art Terms
• Performance — 7 classes
› Plan, Prepare, Perform: Activity 9.1 - Visualising the Performance
› Activity 9.2: Building the Song List, and the Invocation 'Swagatham Shubha Swagatham'
› Activity 9.3: A Folk Song from Another Tradition - the Odia Song of Chaita Paraba
› Part B: Prepare - Activity 9.4, Rehearsal and Feedback
› Activity 9.5: Production, Promotion and Support, and Activity 9.6: The Final Performance
› The Chapter 9 Rubric and the Music Section's Summative Assessment
› The Grand Finale
• Art Appreciation — 8 classes
› Being a Good Audience: Your Duty in the Seats
› Natyashastra Chapter 27, and What a Review Actually Is
› The Three Types of Review, and Activity 4.1: Play Watching
› The Seven Steps of Preparing to Watch a Play
› Writing a Review: Five Rules, and Circle Time
› Activity 4.2: Watch and Reflect - Reviewing Two Photographs
› The Chapter Assessment and the Year's Summative Assessment
› Appreciating Dance and Music Performances: Looking and Listening
11 Physical Education 2 chapters · 15 classes
• Physical Fitness Components — 8 classes
› Health-related Fitness and its Five Components
› Skill-related Fitness: The Six Components
› Isometric Strength, and the Three Printed Exercises
› 2.2 Explore the Five Components of Physical Fitness
› 2.3 Assessing Flexibility: Techniques and Benefits
› 2.4 Measuring Cardiovascular Endurance: Methods and Protocols
› 2.5 Evaluating Strength: Assessment Tools and Exercises
› 1.3 Identify Major Components of Physical Fitness
• Games/Sports skills — 7 classes
› Fundamental Movement Skills: Running, Jumping and Throwing
› Football: Passing, Dribbling and Shooting
› Basketball: Dribbling, Passing and Shooting
› Cricket: Batting, Bowling and Fielding Skills
› Volleyball: Serving, Passing and Spiking
› Kho-Kho and Kabaddi: Basic Skills and Rules
› Fair Play and Teamwork in Games
12 Physics 8 chapters · 135 classes
• Matter — 21 classes
› Probe and Ponder: Piling Sand, Holding Water, and Whether Air Has Weight
› From Mountain Rock to Grains of Sand, and Activity 7.1: Grinding a Stick of Chalk (Fig. 7.1)
› Grinding Without End: What a Constituent Particle Is
› Activity 7.2: Where the Sugar Goes (Fig. 7.2), and Interparticle Spaces
› 7.2 Interparticle Attractions, and Acharya Kanad's Parmanu
› 7.2.1 The Solid State: Activity 7.3 (Fig. 7.3) and the Melting Pictures of Fig. 7.4
› What a Melting Point Is, the Odd Case of Ice, and Table 7.1
› 7.2.2 The Liquid State: Activity 7.4 and the Three Containers of Fig. 7.5
› A Finger Through Water (Fig. 7.6), the Boiling Point, and Why Spilled Water Disappears
› 7.2.3 The Gaseous State: Activity 7.5 and the Two Gas Jars of Fig. 7.7
› Why Gases Fill Everything: the Iodine Version (Fig. 7.8), and What a Fluid Is
› 7.3 Activity 7.6: The Syringe (Fig. 7.9), and Why Water Will Not Compress
› Activity 7.7: Three Water Levels A, B and C (Fig. 7.10), and Where the Sugar Sits (Fig. 7.11)
› Why Sand Does Not Dissolve, the Empty Gaps of Fig. 7.12, and What 'Particle' Can Mean
› 7.4 Activity 7.8: Potassium Permanganate Spreading Through Water (Fig. 7.13)
› Think Like a Scientist: Hot, Room-Temperature and Ice-Cold Water
› Activity 7.9: An Incense Stick in the Corner of a Room (Fig. 7.14), and How Soap Lifts Oil (Fig. 7.15)
› Thermal Energy Decides the State, and the 'Let Us Wrap Up!' Table
› Snapshots, and Keep the Curiosity Alive: Questions 1 and 2(i) to 2(iv)
› Keep the Curiosity Alive: The Camphor, the Chair With No Particles, and the Candle of Fig. 7.16
› Discover, Design, and Debate: The Balloon on a Bottle, Clay-Ball Models, and Atoms and Molecules
• Physical Quantities and Measurement — 18 classes
› 9.4 Why Objects Float or Sink, and 9.5 What Density Means
› The Units of Density, and What Relative Density Means
› 9.5.1 Measuring Mass: Activity 9.3, the Tare Button, and Mass Against Weight
› Measuring Volume: Units, the Measuring Cylinder, and Activity 9.4 Begins
› Activity 9.4: The Least Count of a Cylinder, and Activity 9.5: Reading the Meniscus
› Activity 9.6: Volume by l × w × h, and the Problem of an Irregular Stone
› Activity 9.7: Volume by Displacement, Table 9.2, and the Density of a Stone
› 9.5.3 Pressure and Density, Why Ice Floats, and the Egg That Sinks
› Measurement of Length and Motion — part 1
› Measurement of Length and Motion — part 3
› Measurement of Length and Motion — part 4
› Measurement of Length and Motion — part 7
› Measurement of Length and Motion — part 8
› 1.1 Introduction: What is Measurement?
› 1.2 Different Systems of Units
› 1.3. Need for a Common System of Units
› 1.4. International System of Units (SI)
› 1.5 Conversion of Units between different Systems
• Force and Pressure — 24 classes
› Sonali and Ragini's Cycle Ride, 5.1 What Is a Force? and Activity 5.1 (Fig. 5.1)
› 5.2 What a Force Can Do: Activity 5.2, Table 5.1 and the Five Effects (Fig. 5.2)
› 5.3 A Force Needs Two Objects: the Newton, and Why a Resting Object Is Not Force-Free
› 5.4.1 Contact Forces and Muscular Force: Fig. 5.3, Fig. 5.4, and the Muscles Inside You
› The Puzzle of the Rolling Ball, and Activity 5.3: Finding the Hidden Force (Fig. 5.5)
› What Friction Is, and the Hidden Irregularities of Fig. 5.6
› Activity 5.4: The Same Push on Glass, Cloth, Wood, Tile and Sand - and Friction in Air and Water
› 5.4.2 Non-Contact Forces: Magnetic Force and the Floating Ring Magnet of Activity 5.5 (Fig. 5.7)
› Gravitational Force: Activity 5.8, the Ball Thrown Harder, and Fig. 5.10
› Gravity Defined, Vertical Motion in Fig. 5.11, and 5.5 What Weight Means
› Mass and Weight: What Stays the Same, What Changes, and the Table of Five Worlds
› 5.6 Floating and Sinking, the Mug That Feels Lighter, and Pumice - the Rock That Floats
› Swirling Leaves and Two Identical Bags: 6.1 Pressure as Force Divided by Area (Fig. 6.1)
› The Bucket Handle (Fig. 6.2), the Cloth Ring (Fig. 6.3), the Pascal, and a Worked Calculation
› Table 6.1: The Nail, the Knife, and Why a Smaller Area Makes a Task Easier
› Why Overhead Tanks Sit High (Fig. 6.4), and Activity 6.1: Two Pipes of Different Width (Fig. 6.5)
› Fig. 6.6: More Water, Bigger Bulge - Pressure Depends on the Height of the Column
› Activity 6.2: Four Holes in a Bottle (Fig. 6.7), and Why Liquids Press in All Directions
› Why a Dam Is Broader at Its Base (Fig. 6.8), and 6.2 the Atmosphere Above Us
› Activity 6.3: A Paper Plate Under Two Sheets (Fig. 6.9), Atmospheric Pressure, and the Balloon (Fig. 6.10)
› Activity 6.4: The Rubber Sucker (Fig. 6.11), 2250 Newton, and Why We Are Not Crushed
› 3.3 Turning Forces (Moment of Force/Torque)
› Forces, Pressure, and Why a Pressure Difference Becomes a Cyclone
› Turning Forces: What Is Torque?
• Energy — 6 classes
› Forms of Energy
› Kinetic Energy
› Potential Energy: Energy That Is Stored
› Gravitational Potential Energy
› Conservation of Mechanical Energy
› 8.1.1 A Simple Pendulum: Oscillation, Mean Position and Time Period (Fig. 8.7)
• Light Energy — 16 classes
› 9.1 Reflection of Light and the Laws of Reflection
› 9.2 Spherical Mirrors: Concave, Convex and the Pole
› Centre of Curvature, Principal Axis and Focal Length
› 9.2.1 Image Formation by a Concave Mirror
› 9.2.2 Representing Images Using Ray Diagrams
› Uses of Concave Mirrors, and Image Formation by a Convex Mirror
› Uses of Convex Mirrors: A Wider Field of View
› 9.3 Refraction of Light: Why a Pencil Looks Bent
› 9.3.1 Refraction Through a Rectangular Glass Slab
› 9.3.2 The Refractive Index
› 9.3.3 Lenses: Convex, Concave and Their Terminology
› Finding a Lens's Focus: the Burning-Paper Activity
› 9.3.4 and 9.3.5 Image Formation by Lenses, and Ray Diagrams
› 10.3 Refraction of Light Through a Prism
› 10.4 Dispersion of White Light by a Glass Prism, and the Rainbow
› Experiment 40: To Trace the Path of a Ray of Light Through a Rectangular Glass Slab and Measure the Angle of Incidence, Refraction and Emergence
• Heat Transfer — 13 classes
› 7.1 Conduction: Activity 7.1 and the Four Pins on a Metal Strip (Fig. 7.1)
› Why Pin I Falls First: Conduction Defined, and Table 7.2 of Conductors
› Trapped Air: Woollen Clothes, Two Thin Blankets and Hollow Bricks (Fig. 7.2)
› Activity 7.2: The Rising Paper Cup, the Balloon in the Sun, and Smoke (Figs. 7.3b, 7.4)
› Activity 7.3: The Coloured Streak and Convection, and 7.2.1 Activity 7.4 (Figs. 7.5b, 7.6)
› Table 7.4: Soil Heats and Cools Faster Than Water, and the Sea Breeze (Fig. 7.7a)
› The Land Breeze, and 7.3 Radiation: Light and Dark Clothes (Fig. 7.7b)
› All Three at Once: Heating Water in a Pan, Let Us Wrap Up, and the Bukhari (Fig. 7.8)
› A Journey through States of Water — part 2
› A Journey through States of Water — part 3
› A Journey through States of Water — part 6
› A Journey through States of Water — part 7
› A Journey through States of Water — part 9
• Sound — 18 classes
› Sound Is Produced by Vibrations
› The Tuning Fork, and Sound Through Solids and Liquids
› Sound Cannot Travel Through a Vacuum
› Compressions, Rarefactions and the Sound Wave
› Longitudinal Waves and Mechanical Waves
› Sound Carries Energy
› Graphical Representation of a Sound Wave
› Wavelength, Frequency and Time Period
› Amplitude and Intensity
› The Speed of Sound
› Working with the Speed of Sound
› Pitch and the Audible Range
› Loudness, Intensity and Noise
› Tone, Timbre and Musical Notes
› Reflection of Sound and Echo
› Reverberation and Acoustic Design
› Ultrasonic and Infrasonic Waves and Their Uses
› Echolocation and Sonar
• Electricity — 19 classes
› 11.1 Electric Current and Circuit
› 11.2 Electric Potential and Potential Difference
› 11.3 Circuit Diagrams and Their Symbols
› 11.4 Ohm's Law
› 11.7 Heating Effect of Electric Current, and Joule's Law
› Why Some Wires Get Hot and Others Do Not
› 11.7.1 Practical Applications of the Heating Effect
› 11.8 Electric Power, and the Unit of Electrical Energy
› 3.2.1 Electric Cell and 3.2.2 Battery: Activities 3.2 and 3.3 (Figs. 3.2, 3.3)
› 3.2.3 The Incandescent Lamp and its Filament: Activity 3.4 (Fig. 3.4)
› The LED Lamp: Activity 3.5 and Why One Wire Is Longer (Figs. 3.5, 3.6)
› 3.2.5 An Electrical Circuit: Why Arrangements 1 and 6 Glow (Fig. 3.9)
› 3.2.6 Electric Switch: Activities 3.8 and 3.9, Open and Closed Circuits (Figs. 3.11, 3.12)
› 3.3 Circuit Diagrams: The Seven Symbols of Table 3.2
› Activity 3.11: Building a Conduction Tester and Filling Table 3.3 (Fig. 3.15)
› 4.2 Does a Current Carrying Wire Get Hot? Activity 4.5 and the Nichrome Wire (Fig. 4.5)
› Think Like a Scientist: Two Cells Instead of One, and What the Heat Depends On
› The Incandescent Lamp, the Heating Element, and Six Household Appliances (Fig. 4.6)
› When the Heating Effect Becomes a Danger: Melted Plugs, Rated Wires, and the Steel Furnace
13 Sanskrit 2 chapters · 10 classes
• श्रवण, भाषण एवं पठन — 5 classes
› Listening to Sanskrit Shlokas and Repeating Them Correctly
› Speaking Simple Sanskrit Sentences in Everyday Conversation
› Clear Pronunciation of Sanskrit Sounds and Conjunct Letters
› Reading a Short Sanskrit Passage Aloud with Correct Pauses
› Understanding the Meaning of a Sanskrit Passage and Answering Questions
• भाषा - लेखन — 5 classes
› Writing Sanskrit Words and Sentences in Devanagari Script Correctly
› Nouns and Verbs in Sanskrit Sentences: Forming Simple Statements
› Joining Words with Sandhi in Writing
› Writing a Short Paragraph in Sanskrit on a Familiar Topic
› Translating Simple Sentences Between Sanskrit and English
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Curriculum current at the date of issue.