| 1 |
English |
16 chapters
· 80 classes
|
• Composition — 8 classes
› Understanding the Composition Question: Choosing a Topic from Six
› Narrative Composition: Plot, Pace and Ending
› Descriptive Composition: Sensory Detail and Imagery
› Reflective Composition: Voice and Personal Insight
› Argumentative and Persuasive Composition: Claim, Evidence and Counter-argument
› Expository Composition: Explaining Clearly and Logically
› Writing an Original Short Story in 400-450 Words
› Revising a Composition: Word Limit, Style and Accuracy
• Directed Writing — 10 classes
› Article Writing: Descriptive and Analytical
› Report Writing: School Events and Local News
› Planning, Organising and Finishing Within the Word Limit
› Sentence Accuracy: Tenses, Agreement, Articles, Prepositions and Spelling
› Feature Article: Hook, Structure and Tone
› Book Review: Summary, Evaluation and Recommendation
› Blog Writing: Voice and Format
› Newspaper Report: Headline, Lead and Facts
› Statement of Purpose: Presenting Yourself for a Course or Opportunity
› Amplifying, Describing and Re-stating Ideas in 250-300 Words
• Proposal Writing — 6 classes
› What a Proposal Is and When It Is Written
› Heading and Introduction of a Proposal
› Stating the Objectives
› Listing Measures and Actions Clearly
› Writing a Concluding Statement
› Writing a Full Proposal in the Prescribed Format
• Short-answer questions to test grammar, structure and usage — 8 classes
› The Passive Voice, Modals and Sentence Transformation in Formal Writing
› 4.3 Practice and revision: From the Diary of Anne Frank
› 7.2 Core concepts: Madam Rides the Bus
› Transformation of Sentences: Active and Passive, Direct and Indirect Speech
› Transformation of Sentences: Simple, Compound and Complex
› Phrasal Verbs: Meaning and Use
› Verbs and Tenses: Choosing the Correct Form
› Practice Paper: Answering the Short-answer Grammar Question
• Comprehension — 8 classes
› Unseen Passages: What Section A Tests and How to Approach It
› Skimming, Scanning and Finding the Main Idea
› Inference, Vocabulary in Context, Tone and Purpose
› The Case-Based Passage: Reading Data, Tables and Charts
› Answering Well: MCQ Technique and 40–50 Word Answers
› Analytical Questions on a 700-word Passage
› Vocabulary and Inference Questions
› Summary in Grid Form: Selecting and Grouping Points
• Macbeth: William Shakespeare — 9 classes
› Macbeth Act 3, Scenes 1-3: Banquo's Murder Plotted
› Macbeth Act 3, Scene 4: The Banquet and the Ghost
› Macbeth Act 3, Scenes 5-6: Hecate and the Gathering Opposition
› Macbeth Act 4, Scene 1: The Apparitions and the Witches' Prophecies
› Macbeth Act 4, Scenes 2-3: Macduff's Family and the Meeting in England
› Macbeth Act 5, Scenes 1-3: Lady Macbeth's Sleepwalking and the English Army
› Macbeth Act 5, Scenes 4-8: Birnam Wood and Macbeth's End
› Macbeth: Themes of Ambition, Guilt and Fate in Acts 3-5
› Macbeth: Character Study of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth
• Atithi / Guest — 4 classes
› Atithi: The Author, the Setting and the Opening
› Atithi: Tarapada and the Boy's Wandering Spirit
› Atithi: Relationships, Freedom and Belonging
› Atithi: Theme, Symbolism and Ending
• The Cookie Lady — 3 classes
› The Cookie Lady: Author, Setting and Characters
› The Cookie Lady: Plot and the Turning Point
› The Cookie Lady: Theme and Irony
• There Will Come Soft Rains — 3 classes
› There Will Come Soft Rains: Author, Setting and the Automated House
› There Will Come Soft Rains: Story Sequence Through the Day
› There Will Come Soft Rains: Theme, Irony and Warning
• Indigo — 3 classes
› Indigo: Author, Setting and Characters
› Indigo: Plot and the Ghostly Encounter
› Indigo: Theme, Suspense and Narrative Technique
• The Medicine Bag — 3 classes
› The Medicine Bag: Author, Setting and Characters
› The Medicine Bag: Plot and the Grandfather's Visit
› The Medicine Bag: Heritage, Identity and Pride
• Telephone Conversation — 3 classes
› Telephone Conversation: Poet, Context and Situation
› Telephone Conversation: Line-by-line Understanding
› Telephone Conversation: Theme of Racial Prejudice, Tone and Satire
• Tithonus — 3 classes
› Tithonus: Poet, Myth and Context
› Tithonus: Line-by-line Understanding
› Tithonus: Theme of Immortality and Ageing, Imagery and Form
• Beethoven — 3 classes
› Beethoven: Poet, Subject and Context
› Beethoven: Line-by-line Understanding
› Beethoven: Theme of Perseverance, Voice and Imagery
• Small Towns and the River — 3 classes
› Small Towns and the River: Poet, Place and Context
› Small Towns and the River: Line-by-line Understanding
› Small Towns and the River: Nature, Memory and Imagery
• Death be not Proud — 3 classes
› Death be not Proud: Poet and Form of the Sonnet
› Death be not Proud: Line-by-line Understanding
› Death be not Proud: Theme of Defying Death, Paradox and Tone
| 2 |
Modern English |
16 chapters
· 71 classes
|
• Composition — 7 classes
› Narrative Composition: Planning a Plot and Point of View
› Descriptive Composition: Painting a Scene with Detail
› Reflective Composition: Thinking Aloud on an Experience
› Argumentative and Persuasive Composition: Building a Case
› Expository Composition: Explaining an Idea Clearly
› Writing an Original Short Story in 400 to 450 Words
› Choosing Among Six Topics, Managing Time and Revising
• Directed Writing — 8 classes
› Article Writing: Descriptive and Analytical
› Report Writing: School Events and Local News
› Planning, Organising and Finishing Within the Word Limit
› Writing a Feature Article
› Writing a Book Review
› Writing a Blog Post in a Personal Voice
› Writing a Newspaper Report
› Writing a Statement of Purpose
• Proposal Writing — 4 classes
› What a Proposal Is and How It Is Laid Out
› Writing the Heading and Introduction of a Proposal
› Setting Objectives and Listing Measures
› Closing a Proposal and Practice on Given Situations
• Short-answer questions to test grammar, structure, and usage — 6 classes
› Sentence Accuracy: Tenses, Agreement, Articles, Prepositions and Spelling
› The Passive Voice, Modals and Sentence Transformation in Formal Writing
› 4.3 Practice and revision: From the Diary of Anne Frank
› Transformation of Sentences: Changing Structure Without Changing Meaning
› Phrasal Verbs in Context
› Verbs and Tenses: Choosing the Right Form
• Comprehension — 5 classes
› Unseen Passages: What Section A Tests and How to Approach It
› Skimming, Scanning and Finding the Main Idea
› Inference, Vocabulary in Context, Tone and Purpose
› Answering Well: MCQ Technique and 40–50 Word Answers
› Summary in Grid Form: Reading and Organising Points
• Pygmalion-George Bernard Shaw (Acts III, IV & V) — 7 classes
› Pygmalion Act III: Mrs Higgins' At-Home and Eliza's First Test
› Pygmalion Act III: Language, Manners and the Comedy of Class
› Pygmalion Act IV: After the Ball, Eliza and Higgins Face to Face
› Pygmalion Act IV: Eliza's Anger and Her Departure
› Pygmalion Act V: Doolittle's New Respectability
› Pygmalion Act V: Eliza Claims Her Independence
› Pygmalion: Themes, Characters and the Question of an Ending
• The Doll's House — 4 classes
› The Doll's House: The Burnell Family and the Gift That Arrives
› The Doll's House: Kezia, the Kelvey Girls and Class Prejudice
› The Doll's House: The Little Lamp and the Closing Moment
› The Doll's House: Narrative Style and Point of View
• Death by Scrabble — 3 classes
› Death by Scrabble: Setting, Narrator and Opening Situation
› Death by Scrabble: Characters and Motives
› Death by Scrabble: Humour, Irony and the Ending
• The Dreamer — 3 classes
› The Dreamer: Opening Situation and Characters
› The Dreamer: Irony and Satire in the Author's Style
› The Dreamer: Theme and the Closing Twist
• Games at Twilight — 4 classes
› Games at Twilight: The Summer Afternoon and the Children's Game
› Games at Twilight: Ravi's Hiding Place and His Hopes
› Games at Twilight: Sensory Imagery and Mood
› Games at Twilight: The Ending and Its Meaning
• The Father-Thing — 4 classes
› The Father-Thing: A Family Home and a Strange Change
› The Father-Thing: Charles, His Parents and His Fear
› The Father-Thing: Science Fiction, Suspense and Theme
› The Father-Thing: The Ending and Its Impact
• My Grandmother's House — 3 classes
› My Grandmother's House: Reading the Poem Closely
› My Grandmother's House: Memory, Love and Loss
› My Grandmother's House: Imagery, Tone and Poetic Devices
• Refugee Blues — 4 classes
› Refugee Blues — W.H. Auden
› Refugee Blues: reading the poem
› Refugee Blues: understanding the poem and activities
› Refugee Blues: Theme, Tone and Poetic Technique
• Urban — 3 classes
› Urban: Reading the Poem and Its City Setting
› Urban: Theme and the Poet's Attitude to City Life
› Urban: Imagery, Tone and Language
• Ode to Tomatoes — 3 classes
› Ode to Tomatoes: Reading the Poem Closely
› Ode to Tomatoes: Celebrating the Everyday in Verse
› Ode to Tomatoes: Imagery, Tone and the Form of an Ode
• The Black Santa — 3 classes
› The Black Santa: Reading the Poem Closely
› The Black Santa: Identity, Childhood and Belonging
› The Black Santa: Imagery, Tone and Language
| 7 |
History |
41 chapters
· 200 classes
|
• National Movement during the Second World War — 5 classes
› The August Offer of 1940 and the Congress Response
› The Cripps Mission of 1942 and Why It Failed
› The Quit India Resolution and the Call of Do or Die
› The Quit India Movement: Spread and Leaders Underground
› Suppression of the Movement and Its Significance
• Subhash Chandra Bose and the INA — 5 classes
› Subhas Chandra Bose: From Congress President to the Escape from India
› Founding and Organisation of the Indian National Army
› INA Operations in Burma and Manipur
› Defeat of the INA and the Red Fort Trials
› Significance of the INA in the Freedom Struggle
• Transfer of power (1945-1947) — 7 classes
› The Dawn of Freedom: Voices of Partition
› Partition: Displacement and Rehabilitation
› Quit India and the Road to Partition
› Change in the British Attitude After the War
› The Cabinet Mission Plan of 1946
› Attlee's Declaration of 20 February 1947
› The Mountbatten Plan and the Indian Independence Act of 1947
• The role of Sardar Patel in the reorganization and integration of princely states — 6 classes
› Integration of Princely States
› Challenges for the New Nation-State
› Reorganisation of States
› Sardar Patel and the Task of Integrating the Princely States
› Instrument of Accession and the Standstill Agreement
› Merger and Reorganisation of the Princely States into Units
• Problems of integrating Junagarh, Hyderabad and Kashmir — 7 classes
› Jammu and Kashmir: Regions, Roots and Accession
› Jammu and Kashmir: External and Internal Disputes
› Wars and Peace with Pakistan
› Junagadh: A Ruler Who Chose Pakistan and a People Who Did Not
› Hyderabad and the Nizam's Stand
› Operation Polo and the Integration of Hyderabad
› Kashmir's Accession and the Role of Maharaja Hari Singh
• First general election (1952) — 6 classes
› Challenge of Building Democracy
› The First General Election: A 'Biggest Gamble' That Succeeded
› Congress Dominance in the First Three General Elections
› Preparing for the First General Election: Rolls, Constituencies and Symbols
› How Polling Was Conducted in 1952
› Results of the 1952 Election and Their Impact
• The linguistic reorganisation of states — 7 classes
› Fast Forward: Creation of New States
› Punjab: The Political Context and the Anandpur Sahib Resolution
› Demand for Linguistic States and the Dar and JVP Committees
› Andhra: Potti Sriramulu and the First Linguistic State
› The States Reorganisation Act of 1956
› Bombay State: Maharashtra and Gujarat
› Punjab Reorganised: Punjabi Suba and the Creation of Haryana
• Lal Bahadur Shastri – his contributions as Prime Minister — 5 classes
› Challenge of Political Succession: Nehru to Shastri
› From Shastri to Indira Gandhi
› Lal Bahadur Shastri as Prime Minister: Leadership and the Slogan Jai Jawan Jai Kisan
› Shastri and the Green Revolution, White Revolution and Food Policy
› Shastri and the 1965 War, the Tashkent Declaration
• Importance of the election of 1967 — 5 classes
› The Fourth General Election, 1967: Crisis and Non-Congressism
› Coalitions and Defection After 1967
› The Split in the Congress: Indira vs the Syndicate
› Why the 1967 Elections Were a Turning Point in Indian Politics
› Results of 1967: Loss of Congress Dominance in the States
• Main Opposition political parties and their ideologies — 9 classes
› The Socialist Party
› Emergence of Opposition Parties
› State parties
› Congress as a Social and Ideological Coalition
› National parties
› The Communist Party of India: Ideology and Growth
› Split in the CPI and the Rise of the CPI(M)
› The Bharatiya Jan Sangh: Ideology and Programme
› The Shiromani Akali Dal: Origins and Goals
• Naxal Movement — 5 classes
› Why the Naxalite Movement Arose: Land, Poverty and Tribal Grievances
› The Naxalbari Uprising and the Leadership of Charu Majumdar and Kanu Sanyal
› Spread of the Movement in West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh
› Government Measures Against the Naxals and the Decline in the 1970s
› Impact of the Naxal Movement on Indian Politics and Society
• JP Movement (1974-75) — 6 classes
› Background to the Emergency: Politics and the Economy, 1971-74
› The Gujarat and Bihar Movements and Total Revolution
› The Railway Strike of 1974 and the Conflict with the Judiciary
› The Allahabad Verdict and the Declaration of Emergency
› Jayaprakash Narayan's Disputes with Mrs Gandhi
› Course of the JP Movement and Its Significance
• Emergency (1975-76) — 5 classes
› What the Emergency Meant in Practice
› Lessons of the Emergency
› Reasons for the Imposition of the Emergency
› Suspension of Democratic Rights During the Emergency
› Positive and Negative Impact of the Emergency
• The Janata Government (1977 – 1979) — 5 classes
› Politics after the Emergency: The 1977 Lok Sabha Election
› The Janata Government and the Return of Indira Gandhi in 1980
› Legacy: A Changed Party System and Two Crises
› The Janata Government's Policies at Home and Abroad
› Why the Janata Government Fell
• Punjab — 5 classes
› Punjab: Cycle of Violence, Operation Blue Star and 1984
› Punjab: The Road to Peace
› The Akali Dal's Demands and the Anandpur Sahib Resolution
› Bhindranwale and the Rise of Militancy
› Operation Bluestar and the Punjab Accord of 1985
• Assam — 5 classes
› Movements against Outsiders: The Assam Movement
› The North-East: Region and Demands for Autonomy
› Reasons for Discontent in Assam: Illegal Migration and the Fear of Losing Identity
› The Assam Agitation Led by the AASU
› The Assam Accord of 1985 and Its Terms
• Nagaland — 4 classes
› Secessionist Movements: Mizoram and Nagaland
› Naga Separatist Demands and the Role of A. Z. Phizo
› Naga Agitation and the Birth of the State of Nagaland
› The Shillong Accord of 1975
• Mizoram — 3 classes
› Background to the Mizo Movement: The 1959 Famine and the Mizo National Front
› Course of the Insurgency in Mizoram, 1966-1986
› Mizoram Accord of 1986 and the Making of Mizoram State
• Pakistan (1947-49, 1965, 1971) — 7 classes
› The Bangladesh War, 1971
› India-Pakistan Conflicts
› The First Kashmir War of 1947-49: Causes, Course and Consequences
› The 1965 War: Causes and Course
› The 1965 War: Tashkent Agreement and Consequences
› The 1971 War: Causes of the Crisis in East Pakistan
› The 1971 War: Course and Consequences
• Sino-Indian War (1962) — 6 classes
› Afro-Asian Unity and Peace with China: Panchsheel and Tibet
› The Chinese Invasion of 1962 and Its Aftermath
› India-China Relations
› Tibet and the Border Issues Between India and China
› Immediate Causes of the 1962 War
› Consequences of the Sino-Indian War of 1962
• Movements for Women’s Rights — 6 classes
› 8.8 The Women’s Movement
› 5.3 Struggle for women’s equality and rights
› The Towards Equality Report of 1974
› The Anti-Dowry Movement of the 1970s and 1980s
› The Struggle Against Domestic Violence
› Government Measures for Women's Rights
• Factors leading to the War: aggressive foreign policies of Germany, Italy and Japan — 4 classes
› Dissatisfaction with the Peace Settlement and the Rise of Dictators
› Germany Under Hitler: Rearmament and Expansion
› Fascist Italy's Aggressive Foreign Policy
› Japan's Militarism and Expansion in Asia
• Anglo-French appeasement policies — 3 classes
› What Appeasement Meant and Why Britain and France Chose It
› Appeasement in Practice: Rhineland, Austria and Abyssinia
› The Munich Agreement and the End of Appeasement
• Axis invasions in Europe and Asia (1939-1941) — 4 classes
› The Invasion of Poland and the Outbreak of War in 1939
› The Fall of Western Europe: Denmark, Norway, France
› The Battle of Britain and the Balkans
› Japanese Expansion in Asia and the Attack on Pearl Harbor
• Course of the War in Europe, Africa and Far East (1942-45) — 5 classes
› War on the Eastern Front: Operation Barbarossa and Stalingrad
› War in North Africa and the Invasion of Italy
› D-Day and the Defeat of Germany in 1945
› The War in the Far East and the Pacific
› Atom Bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the End of the War
• Reasons for the defeat of the Axis Powers — 3 classes
› Strategic Mistakes of the Axis Powers
› Allied Strengths: Industrial Power, Resources and Unity
› Turning Points That Decided the War
• China — 6 classes
› The Rise of the Chinese Economy
› The Rise of the Communist Party of China
› From Cultural Revolution to Reform: Deng Xiaoping's China and Taiwan
› Problems Facing the Communists in 1949: Agriculture and Industry
› The First Five Year Plan and Soviet Help
› The Great Leap Forward and the People's Communes
• Ghana: democracy and dictatorship (1957-66) — 4 classes
› Gold Coast Under British Rule and the Road to Independence
› Kwame Nkrumah's Role in the Struggle for Independence
› Ghana 1957-66: From Democracy to One-Man Rule
› Reasons for the Overthrow of Nkrumah in 1966
• Kenya: conflict and independence (1947 – 1964) — 3 classes
› Kenya Under British Settlers: Land and Colour Bar
› The Mau Mau Uprising and the Emergency
› Jomo Kenyatta and Kenya's Road to Independence in 1964
• Origins of the Cold War — 4 classes
› The End of Wartime Unity Between the Allies
› The Yalta and Potsdam Conferences
› The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan
› The Soviet Response: Molotov Plan, COMECON and Cominform
• The rift widens - Soviet expansion in Eastern Europe (1945- 1948) — 2 classes
› Soviet Control over Eastern Europe, 1945-1948
› The Communist Coup in Czechoslovakia in 1948
• Cold War Crises — 4 classes
› The Berlin Blockade and the Airlift
› The Formation of NATO and the Division of Germany
› The Cuban Missile Crisis: Origins and the Thirteen Days
› Outcome of the Cuban Crisis and Lessons for the Superpowers
• Détente — 3 classes
› What Detente Meant and Why the Superpowers Sought It
› Detente in Action: Treaties and Agreements of the 1970s
› Effects of Detente on Eastern Europe
• Downfall of Communism in Poland and East Germany — 4 classes
› Solidarity and the Challenge to Communist Rule in Poland
› The Fall of Communism in Poland, 1989
› Protests and the Fall of the Berlin Wall in East Germany
› German Reunification in 1990
• Breakup of the USSR — 6 classes
› Gorbachev, Reform, and the Road to Disintegration
› Why Did the Soviet Union Disintegrate?
› Consequences of Disintegration
› What Was the Soviet System?
› The Coup of August 1991 and Its Failure
› Independence Demands of the Soviet Republics and the End of the USSR
• Racial problems and civil rights in USA in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s — 5 classes
› Racial Discrimination in the USA: Segregation and Jim Crow
› Government Attitude Towards Civil Rights
› Brown v. Board of Education and the Montgomery Bus Boycott
› Martin Luther King and the Non-violent Movement
› Civil Rights Legislation and Black Power in the 1960s and 1970s
• Anti-Apartheid Movement in South Africa (1948-1994) — 4 classes
› Features of Apartheid in South Africa
› Opposition to Apartheid: ANC, Sharpeville and Soweto
› Nelson Mandela: Imprisonment and Leadership
› The End of Apartheid and the Transition to Majority Rule
• Second Wave Feminist Movement in USA (early 1960s – early 1980’s) — 4 classes
› Origins of the Second Wave Feminist Movement
› The Equal Pay Act of 1963 and the Civil Rights Act of 1964
› The National Organization for Women
› The Equal Rights Amendment: Struggle and Failure
• Post War conflict in Palestine after World War I, till the formation of the state of Israel — 4 classes
› Arab Nationalism and Zionism: Two Rival Movements
› Wartime Promises: Husain-MacMahon Correspondence and Sykes-Picot Agreement
› The Balfour Declaration of 1917
› The Palestine Mandate and the Creation of Israel in 1948
• The Arab-Israeli Wars from 1948 to Camp David Accord (1979) — 5 classes
› The Arab-Israeli War of 1948-49
› The Suez Crisis of 1956
› The Six Day War of 1967
› The Yom Kippur War of 1973
› The Camp David Accord of 1979 and the Origin of the PLO
• Oslo Peace Accords (1993 & 1995) — 4 classes
› The First Intifada and the Road to Talks
› The Oslo I Accord of 1993
› The Oslo II Agreement of 1995
› Why the Oslo Accords Failed to Bring Peace
| 8 |
Political Science |
11 chapters
· 81 classes
|
• Forms of Government — 9 classes
› Overview
› What makes India a federal country?
› How is federalism practised?
› What is an Executive? Parliamentary Executive in India
› Prime Minister and Council of Ministers
› Accountable, responsive and legitimate government
› Totalitarian and Authoritarian Governments: Features and Examples
› Liberal Democratic Government: Rights, Elections and Rule of Law
› Unitary and Federal Systems Compared, and Presidential Government
• Constitution — 7 classes
› Why Do We Need a Constitution?
› The Authority of a Constitution
› Are Constitutions Static?
› How to Amend the Constitution?
› Basic Structure and Evolution of the Constitution
› Written and Unwritten, Rigid and Flexible Constitutions
› Amending the Constitution in the UK, the USA and India Compared
• Franchise and Representation — 12 classes
› Elections and Democracy
› Election System in India
› Reservation of Constituencies
› Free and Fair Elections
› Electoral Reforms
› Overview
› How many parties should we have?
› Popular participation
› National parties
› State parties
› Universal Adult Franchise: Meaning and Importance
› First Past the Post and Proportional Representation Compared
• The Legislature — 9 classes
› Why Do We Need a Parliament?
› Why Do We Need Two Houses of Parliament?
› What Does the Parliament Do?
› How Does the Parliament Make Laws?
› How Does the Parliament Control the Executive?
› What Do the Committees of Parliament Do?
› How Does the Parliament Regulate Itself?
› The Legislature of the USA: Congress, the Senate and the House of Representatives
› Comparing the Indian Parliament with the US Congress
• The Executive — 5 classes
› Permanent Executive: Bureaucracy
› The Political Executive: Heads of State and Government
› The Executive in the USA: The President and the Cabinet
› Political and Permanent Executive: How They Differ and Work Together
› Comparing the Executive in India and the USA
• The Judiciary — 7 classes
› Why an Independent Judiciary? Structure of the Judiciary
› Judiciary and Rights
› Judiciary and Parliament
› Independence of the Judiciary: Why and How It Is Protected
› Judicial Review in India
› The Judiciary in the USA and Judicial Review There
› Comparing the Judiciary in India and the USA
• Preamble — 4 classes
› The Preamble: Text, Source and Purpose
› Key Words of the Preamble: Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic and Republic
› Key Words of the Preamble: Justice, Liberty, Equality and Fraternity
› The Importance of the Preamble in Interpreting the Constitution
• Salient features of the Indian Constitution — 8 classes
› Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution
› Directive Principles of State Policy
› What Is the Political Philosophy of Our Constitution?
› Procedural Achievements
› Federalism in the Indian Constitution
› A Written, Lengthy and Detailed Constitution
› Parliamentary Democracy, Secularism and Single Citizenship
› A Blend of Rigidity and Flexibility, and the Emergency Provisions
• Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles — 9 classes
› The Importance of Rights
› Right to Equality
› Right to Freedom
› Right Against Exploitation
› Right to Freedom of Religion
› Cultural and Educational Rights
› Right to Constitutional Remedies
› Relationship Between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles
› Classification of the Directive Principles: Socialistic, Gandhian and Liberal
• Local self- government — 6 classes
› Growth of Local Government in India
› 73Rd and 74Th Amendments
› Implementation of the 73rd and 74th Amendments
› Decentralisation in India
› The Zila Parishad: Structure, Functions and Finance
› The Municipal Corporation: Structure, Functions and Finance
• Democracy in India – a perspective of the challenges faced — 5 classes
› Caste and politics
› Caste inequality today
› Religion, communalism and politics
› 6.2 Regionalism in the Indian Context
› Political Violence in India: Causes, Forms and Remedies
| 9 |
Geography |
28 chapters
· 161 classes
|
• Locational setting - India: size and area — 4 classes
› India's Location and Its Importance for the Indian Ocean Rim Countries
› India's Size, Area and Latitudinal and Longitudinal Extent
› India's Coastline: Length, Types and Significance
› India's Land Frontiers and Neighbouring Countries
• Structure of India – Geological formation, relief and drainage; major physiographic divisions and their characteristics — 8 classes
› The Geological Evolution of India: Gondwanaland to the Present
› Five-fold Physiographic Divisions of India: An Overview
› The Northern Mountains: Characteristics of the Himalayas
› The Northern Plains: Formation and Characteristics
› The Peninsular Plateau and Its Divisions
› The Coastal Plains and the Islands
› Himalayan Drainage: The Indus, Ganga and Brahmaputra Systems
› Peninsular Drainage: The Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri, Narmada and Tapi
• Climate - India — 9 classes
› Factors Controlling the Climate of India
› The Mechanism of the Monsoon
› Jet Streams and Their Role in the Indian Monsoon
› The Southern Oscillation, El Nino and the Monsoon
› Seasons of India: Winter and Summer
› Seasons of India: The Rainy Season and the Retreating Monsoon
› Droughts in India: Causes and Effects
› Floods in India: Causes and Effects
› Reading and Drawing Climate Graphs
• Natural vegetation — 7 classes
› Biodiversity and India's Flora and Fauna
› Wildlife Protection Act and Project Tiger
› Forest Types: Reserved, Protected and Unclassed
› Community Conservation and Sacred Groves
› Forest Policy of India and the National Forest Policy 1988
› Conservation of Forests: Methods and Problems
› Social Forestry and Its Types
• Population of India — 3 classes
› India's Share of World Population
› India's Position Among the Most Populous Countries
› Implications of a Large Population for India
• National and State level patterns of population distribution — 5 classes
› The Census of India: Aims and Methods
› Population Density: States and Union Territories
› Index of Concentration of Population
› Factors Affecting the Distribution of Population in India
› National and State Patterns of Population Distribution
• Pattern of population growth in the last three decades; implications for development — 4 classes
› Birth Rate, Death Rate and Growth Rate
› Population Growth in India from 1921 to the Latest Census
› Implications of Population Growth for Development
› Population Policy and Measures to Check Growth
• Migration trends over the last 25 years — 4 classes
› Migration: Meaning and Types
› Push and Pull Factors of Migration
› Streams of Migration in India
› Causes and Trends of Migration over the Last 25 Years
• Demographic attributes at National level - trends and patterns — 5 classes
› Rural and Urban Population of India
› Age Composition and the Age Pyramid
› Sex Composition and the Sex Ratio
› Literacy in India: Trends and Regional Gaps
› Working and Non-working Population
• Rural settlements –Types and patterns in hill areas, plains and coastal locations — 4 classes
› Compact and Dispersed Rural Settlements
› Linear and Circular Settlement Patterns
› Star-shaped Patterns and Other Forms
› Rural Settlements in Hills, Plains and Coastal Areas
• Urban settlements – size, classification of towns as per the latest census — 4 classes
› Urban Agglomeration and Classification of Towns by Census
› Conurbation and Urban Sprawl
› Slums: Causes and Conditions
› Problems of Urban Growth and Possible Solutions
• Need for environmental management vis-à-vis development — 5 classes
› Sustainability of Development
› Industrial Pollution, Environmental Degradation and Its Control
› Environment and Development: Why Both Must Be Planned Together
› Environmental Management Measures and Policies in India
› Environmental Impact Assessment
• Land resources: Land use pattern in India – quality of cultivable land, size of land holdings — 6 classes
› Land Resources and Land Use Pattern
› Land Degradation and Conservation
› Technological and Institutional Reforms
› Land Use Categories in India
› Fragmentation of Land Holdings: Causes and Effects
› Quality of Cultivable Land and Size of Holdings
• Water resources and types of irrigation — 7 classes
› Water Scarcity and the Need for Conservation
› Multi-Purpose River Projects
› Rainwater Harvesting: Traditional and Modern Methods
› Surface Water and Groundwater Resources of India
› Methods of Irrigation: Canals, Wells and Tube Wells
› Tank, Sprinkler and Drip Irrigation
› Overwatering: Waterlogging and Salinisation
• Agriculture: Types, development and problems — 12 classes
› Types of Farming: Subsistence and Commercial
› Cropping Seasons and Major Cereal Crops
› Pulses, Sugarcane, Oil Seeds and Beverage Crops
› Horticulture and Fibre Crops
› Wet Farming and Dry Farming
› Crop Rotation and Its Benefits
› The Green Revolution: Gains and Problems
› Rice and Wheat: Conditions, Production and Distribution
› Cotton and Jute: Conditions, Production and Distribution
› Tea, Coffee and Sugarcane as Commercial Crops
› Market Gardening
› Problems of Indian Agriculture
• Fishing in India — 6 classes
› Methods of Fishing in India
› Factors Affecting the Fishing Industry
› Fishing Areas of India: Marine and Inland
› Conservation of Fish Resources
› Fishing in Andhra Pradesh
› Fishing in Kerala
• Sources of Energy — 9 classes
› 5.1 Minerals and 5.2 Mode of Occurrence of Minerals
› 5.3 Ferrous Minerals and 5.4 Non-Ferrous Minerals
› 5.5 Non-Metallic Minerals, 5.6 Rock Minerals and 5.7 Conservation of Minerals
› 5.8 Energy Resources and 5.9 Conventional Sources of Energy
› 5.10 Non-Conventional Sources of Energy and Conservation of Energy Resources
› Key Minerals of India and Their Distribution
› Power Resources of India: Coal, Petroleum and Natural Gas
› Hydel and Thermal Power: Distribution and Problems
› Solar, Wind and Biogas: Non-conventional Energy
• Railways, Roadways, Water transport (inland and coastal), Air transport, Pipelines — 9 classes
› 7.1 Means of Transport: Roadways and Railways
› 7.2 Pipelines and Waterways
› 7.3 Airways and Communication
› Distribution and Density of Railways in India
› Road Network of India and the Golden Quadrilateral
› Inland and Coastal Water Transport
› Major Ports of India
› Air Transport and Pipelines in India
› Problems of Transport in India
• Communication – importance of communication in rural and urban development and its policy — 6 classes
› Communication and Rural and Urban Development
› Communication Policy of India
› Satellites and Remote Sensing
› Geographical Information Systems
› Cellular Phones and Radio
› The Internet and Its Uses
• Study of the location and distribution of important industrial centres; a general comparison of disparities — 4 classes
› Industrial Centres of India: Location Factors
› Distribution of Important Industrial Centres
› Regional Disparities in Industrial Development
› Comparing Industrial Regions of India
• Major industrial regions – factors governing their growth — 8 classes
› Mumbai-Pune Industrial Region
› Hooghly Industrial Region
› Bengaluru-Tamil Nadu Industrial Region
› Gujarat Industrial Region
› Chota Nagpur Industrial Region
› Vishakhapatnam-Guntur Industrial Region
› Gurgaon-Delhi-Meerut Industrial Region
› Factors Governing the Growth of Industrial Regions
• Agro based industries – Sugar, cotton textile — 4 classes
› Manufacturing and Classification of Industries
› Agro-Based Industries - Cotton, Jute and Sugar
› Sugar Industry: Location, Production and Growth
› Cotton Textile Industry: Location, Production and Growth
• Mineral based industries – Iron and steel, Petrochemicals, including refineries — 6 classes
› Mineral-Based Industries - Iron, Steel and Aluminium
› Chemical, Fertilizer, Cement and Other Manufacturing Industries
› Iron and Steel Plants of India
› Petrochemical Industry
› Oil Refineries of India
› Key Industries and Footloose Industries
• Tourism industry – Major natural and cultural tourist areas in India — 5 classes
› Growth of Tourism in India
› Major Natural Tourist Areas of India
› Major Cultural Tourist Areas of India
› Impact of Tourism on Economy, Society and Environment
› Eco-tourism
• Area development in Chhattisgarh region – mining, silk industry and farming — 6 classes
› Meaning of Development and Multilevel Planning
› Planning Regions of India
› Chhattisgarh Region: Resources and Setting
› Mining in Chhattisgarh
› Silk Industry in Chhattisgarh
› Farming in Chhattisgarh
• Electronics industry in Bengaluru– reasons for its development, extent, national and international linkages and problems — 4 classes
› Why Bengaluru Became an Electronics Hub
› Extent and Growth of the Electronics Industry in Bengaluru
› National and International Linkages of Bengaluru's Electronics Industry
› Problems of Bengaluru's Electronics Industry
• Growth of Haldia port, its industries and hinterland — 3 classes
› Haldia Port: Location and Growth
› Industries of Haldia
› The Hinterland of Haldia Port
• Map Work — 4 classes
› Map List: Physical Features and Drainage of India
› Map List: Climate, Vegetation and Population
› Map List: Resources, Industries and Transport
› Drawing Sketch Maps of India
| 10 |
Sociology |
24 chapters
· 155 classes
|
• Definition and features of Social Institutions — 8 classes
› Understanding Social Institutions: Family, Marriage and Kinship
› Religion as a Social Institution
› Education as a Social Institution
› Political Institutions
› Work and Economic Life
› What a Social Institution Is: Definition and Meaning
› Features of Social Institutions: Norms, Roles and Stability
› How Social Institutions Meet Society's Needs and Link With One Another
• Kinship — 10 classes
› 3.3 Family and Kinship
› Family, Kinship and the Rule of Patriliny
› Marriage Rules: Exogamy and the Eight Forms of Marriage
› Gotra, the Satavahanas and the Place of Mothers
› Types of Kinship: Consanguineal and Affinal Ties
› Degrees of Kinship: Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Relatives
› Descent: Patrilineal, Matrilineal and Bilateral
› Residence Patterns: Patrilocal, Matrilocal, Neolocal and Avunculocal
› Kinship Usages: Avoidance, Joking, Couvade and Avunculate
› Kinship Terms: Classificatory and Descriptive
• Marriage — 5 classes
› Marriage as a Social Institution: Meaning and Functions
› Rules of Marriage: Endogamy and Exogamy
› Rules of Marriage: Hypergamy, Hypogamy, Levirate and Sororate
› Forms of Marriage: Monogamy and Polygamy
› Forms of Marriage: Polygyny, Polyandry and Group Marriage
• Family — 6 classes
› Agencies of Socialisation: Family, Peers, School and Media
› The Family: Meaning and Features
› Functions of the Family: Biological, Economic and Social
› Types of Family: Nuclear, Joint and Extended
› Changes in the Family in Modern Society
› The Small Family Norm and Its Social Importance
• Definition and concepts of religion and science; beliefs, rituals, superstitions, taboo — 4 classes
› What Religion Is: Definition and Concepts
› What Science Is, and How It Differs from Religion
› Beliefs and Rituals in Religion
› Superstitions and Taboos in Society
• Theories of religion: animism, naturism, totemism, functional theories — 6 classes
› Animism: E.B. Tylor's Theory of the Origin of Religion
› Naturism: Max Mueller's Theory
› Totemism: Its Meaning and Features
› Malinowski's Functional Theory: Religion and Magic
› Radcliffe-Brown's Functional Theory of Religion
› Durkheim's Theory: The Sacred, the Profane and Collective Worship
• Functions and dysfunctions of religion — 4 classes
› Religion, communalism and politics
› 6.3 Religion-related Issues and Identities
› Functions of Religion: Social Cohesion, Values and Support
› Dysfunctions of Religion: Conflict, Dogma and Social Division
• Morality and social control — 4 classes
› Social Control and Deviance
› Morality: Meaning and Sources in Society
› Religion, Morality and Social Control Working Together
› Formal and Informal Means of Social Control
• Political Organization — 8 classes
› 3.1 The Panchayati Raj and the Challenges of Rural Social Transformation
› Growth of Local Government in India
› 73Rd and 74Th Amendments
› Implementation of the 73rd and 74th Amendments
› Decentralisation in India
› 3.2 Political Parties, Pressure and Interest Groups in Democracy
› Political Organization and Its Role in Social Change
› Bal Panchayats: Children's Voice in Local Government
• Economic Organisation — 4 classes
› Economic Organization: Meaning and Features
› Economic Goods and Free Goods
› Needs, Wants, Production and Distribution in a Society
› How Economic Organization Differs from Society to Society
• Economies of Indian tribes: food gathering, agriculture, shifting axe cultivation, handicrafts, pastoralism, industrial labour and tribal industries — 11 classes
› What Are Primary Activities? Hunting and Gathering
› Pastoralism: Nomadic Herding and Commercial Livestock Rearing
› Subsistence Agriculture: Shifting Cultivation and Intensive Farming
› 3.2 Tribal Communities
› Classifying Industries by Size: Household, Small-Scale and Large-Scale
› Case Study: The Integrated Tribal Development Project in Bharmaur
› Food Gathering Economies of Indian Tribes
› Agriculture and Shifting Axe Cultivation Among Tribes
› Tribal Handicrafts and Pastoralism
› Tribal Industrial Labour and Tribal Industries
› Promotion of Tribal Industries: TRIFED
• Agrarian Economy, Jajmani system and MGNREGA Act-2005 — 9 classes
› 4.1 Agrarian Structure: Caste and Class in Rural India
› 4.2 The Impact of Land Reforms
› The Village Community: Caste, Panchayats and Headmen
› Village Artisans and the Village as a "Little Republic"
› How to Create More Employment?
› Land Relations in the Indian Village
› The Jajmani System: Jajman and Kamin
› MGNREGA Act 2005: Features and Working
› MGNREGA and Rural Livelihoods: An Assessment
• Traditional Markets — 7 classes
› 4.1 Sociological Perspectives on Markets and the Economy
› Trade and Commerce: Markets, Retail and Wholesale Trading
› Money as a Medium of Exchange
› The History of Trade: From Barter to Global Commerce
› Weekly Markets in Rural India
› Barter Exchange in Traditional Markets
› Social Relations in the Weekly Market
• Definition of tribe, features — 5 classes
› 5.1 What Is Social About Social Inequality and Exclusion?
› 5.2 Caste and Tribe – Systems Justifying and Perpetuating Inequality
› What a Tribe Is: Definition
› Features of a Tribe
› Tribal India: Distribution and Major Groups
• Dormitories in Tribal India — 4 classes
› The Dormitory in Tribal India: Meaning, Definition and Origin
› Features of the Tribal Dormitory
› Functions of the Tribal Dormitory
› Culture Contact and the Decline of Dormitories
• Present conditions, problems and solutions — 5 classes
› Economic Problems of Tribal Communities
› Political and Social Problems of Tribal Communities
› Cultural Problems of Tribal Communities
› Government Policies for Tribes
› Solutions: Moving Toward Tribal Welfare and Inclusion
• Social stratification: the elements — 5 classes
› Social Stratification: Caste and Class
› Social Structure and Stratification: The Patterned, Unequal Shape of Society
› Inequality and Difference in Society
› The Class System: Meaning, Features and Types
› Elements of Social Stratification
• Caste: The caste system — 7 classes
› 3.1 Caste and the Caste System
› Caste and politics
› Caste inequality today
› Caste: Concept and Origin
› Features of the Caste System
› Caste and Class Compared
› Social Mobility in the Caste and Class Systems
• Gender — 7 classes
› 5.3 Struggle for women’s equality and rights
› Gender and politics
› Gender, Property and the Sharing of Wealth
› Sex and Gender: What Is the Difference?
› Patriarchal Ideology
› The Status of Women in Indian Society
› Gender Issues: Discrimination, Violence and Unequal Opportunity
• Social change and Development — 8 classes
› What is Social Change? Defining It, Evolution and Revolution, Structural Change
› Causes of Social Change I: Environment, Technology and Economy
› Causes of Social Change II: Politics and Culture
› 2.2 Different Kinds of Social Change
› 2.1 Social reform movements in the 19th and early 20th century
› Features of Social Change
› Sources of Social Change
› Social Change and Development
• Aspects of Development — 7 classes
› Sustainable Development: Concept, Evolution and the Brundtland Report
› What is Human Development? From Economic Growth to People-Centred Development
› Planning in India: Approaches and the Shift to NITI Aayog
› Industrialization and Its Effects on Society
› Urbanization: Growth of Towns and Cities
› Modernization: Meaning and Social Effects
› Globalization: Meaning and Social Effects
• Social Movements — 11 classes
› 8.1 Features of a Social Movement
› 8.2 Sociology and Social Movements
› 8.3 Types of Social Movements
› 8.4 Ecological Movements
› 8.5 Class Based Movements
› 8.6 Caste Based Movements
› 8.7 The Tribal Movements
› 8.8 The Women’s Movement
› What a Social Movement Is: Meaning
› Causes of Social Movements
› The Role of Social Movements in Society
• Role of Education in creating Social change — 4 classes
› Education as an Agent of Social Change
› Functions of Education: Manifest and Latent
› The Right to Education Act: Provisions and Impact
› Education, Equality and Social Mobility
• Role of Mass Media in creating Social change — 6 classes
› 7.1 The Beginnings of Modern Mass Media
› 7.2 Mass Media in Independent India
› 7.3 Globalisation and the Media
› Print Media as an Agent of Social Change
› Electronic and Audio-visual Media as Agents of Social Change
› The Right to Information Act: Provisions and Impact
| 11 |
Psychology |
25 chapters
· 132 classes
|
• Intelligence — 8 classes
› Individual Differences and Assessment of Psychological Attributes
› Intelligence and Theories of Intelligence
› Individual Differences in Intelligence
› Culture and Intelligence, Emotional Intelligence, Special Abilities
› Factor Theories: Spearman, Thurstone and Cattell
› Guilford, Sternberg and Gardner: Multi-factor Views of Intelligence
› IQ, Mental Age and Levels of Intelligence
› Intelligence Tests: WAIS-III and Raven's Progressive Matrices
• Aptitude, Achievement and Interest — 5 classes
› Aptitude: Meaning and How It Differs from Intelligence
› The General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB)
› Achievement Tests: Types and Uses
› Interest: Meaning and Measurement
› Interest Inventories and Career Guidance
• What is meant by Personality — 4 classes
› Concept of Self and Cognitive-Behavioural Aspects of Self
› Culture and Self, Concept of Personality, Type and Trait Approaches
› Allport's Definition and the Meaning of Personality
› Temperament, Habit and Values
• Theories of Personality — 7 classes
› Psychodynamic Approach to Personality
› Behavioural, Cultural and Humanistic Approaches to Personality
› Psychosocial Motives and Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
› Type Theories: Body Types and Introversion-Extraversion
› Freud's Structure of Personality and Psychosexual Stages
› Post-Freudians: Jung, Adler and Horney
› Trait Theories: Allport, Cattell and the Big Five
• How personality is assessed — 4 classes
› Assessment of Personality: Self-report Measures and Projective Techniques
› Behavioural Analysis, Key Terms, Summary and Review Questions
› The MMPI: Structure, Scales and Use
› The Rorschach Inkblot Test and the Thematic Apperception Test
• Meaning of Development, growth and maturation — 4 classes
› Meaning of Development, Life-Span Perspective, and Heredity-Environment Interaction
› Context of Development: Bronfenbrenner and Sinha Ecological Models
› Growth, Development and Maturation: Meaning and Differences
› Twin and Adoption Studies on Heredity and Environment
• Infancy - motor, cognitive development, socio-emotional development — 5 classes
› Prenatal Development and Infancy
› Childhood: Physical, Cognitive, and Socio-emotional Development
› Reflexes and Motor Development in Infancy
› Piaget's Sensorimotor Stage
› Attachment Styles: Secure, Avoidant and Ambivalent
• Childhood - motor, cognitive development, socio-emotional development — 6 classes
› Physical and Motor Growth in Childhood
› Piaget's Preoperational Stage
› Piaget's Concrete Operational Stage
› Gender Concepts: Gender Identity, Stereotypes and Roles
› Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development
› Socio-emotional Development in Childhood: Family, Peers and School
• Adolescence - physical changes, cognitive development, socio-emotional development; some major concerns — 6 classes
› Adolescence: Physical and Cognitive Change, and Forming an Identity
› Adolescent Challenges, Adulthood, and Old Age
› Piaget's Formal Operational Stage
› Erikson's Identity versus Role Confusion and Marcia's Identity Statuses
› Delinquency and Substance Abuse in Adolescence
› Eating Disorders in Adolescence: Anorexia and Bulimia
• Meaning of stress - its basic nature — 5 classes
› Nature, Types and Sources of Stress
› Effects of Stress on Psychological Functioning and Health
› Eustress and Distress: Meaning and Examples
› Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome
› Cognitive Appraisal: The Lazarus Model of Stress
• Common causes of stress — 5 classes
› Situational Causes of Stress: Life Events and Daily Hassles
› Stress at Work, in the Family and in Society
› Dispositional Causes: Type A and Type B Personality and Hardiness
› Internal Causes: Thinking Patterns, Conflict and Frustration
› Identifying Your Own Stressors
• Effects of stress on health and performance — 5 classes
› Coping with Stress and Promoting Positive Health
› Stress and the Immune System
› Stress-related Illness: Hypertension and Ulcers
› Stress and Performance: The Inverted-U Curve
› Burnout: Signs, Causes and Prevention
• Stress management - ineffective and effective strategies of handling stress — 7 classes
› Key Terms, Summary and Review Questions
› Rehabilitation of the Mentally Ill, Key Terms, Summary and Review Questions
› Culture, Emotional Labeling, and Managing Negative Emotions
› Ineffective Coping: Defence Mechanisms
› Relaxation Techniques and Meditation
› Yoga and Exercise for Managing Stress
› Promoting Positive Health and Well-being
• Meaning of “Abnormal behaviour” - biological, psychological and socio - cultural behavioural, cognitive perspectives. Principles of classification of psychological disorders with reference to DSM IV — 4 classes
› Concepts of Abnormality, Classification and Factors Underlying Abnormal Behaviour
› The Four Ds of Abnormality: Deviance, Distress, Dysfunction and Danger
› Biological, Psychological and Socio-cultural Perspectives on Abnormal Behaviour
› Classifying Disorders: The Five Axes of DSM-IV
• Characteristics of some psychological, behavioural and developmental disorders — 5 classes
› Major Disorders I: Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive, Trauma, Somatic Symptom and Dissociative Disorders
› Major Disorders II: Depressive, Bipolar and Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
› Major Disorders III: Neurodevelopmental, Disruptive, Feeding and Substance-Related Disorders
› Personality Disorders: Clusters and Features
› Developmental Disorders in Childhood: ADHD, Autism and Separation Anxiety
• Schizophrenia - meaning; main types; characteristics — 5 classes
› Schizophrenia: Meaning, Onset and Course
› Positive and Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia
› Disorganised and Catatonic Types
› The Paranoid Type and Causes of Schizophrenia
› Treatment and Care of Persons with Schizophrenia
• Psychotherapy - Psychoanalysis; Client -centred; Behavioural, Social Rehabilitation, Cognitive Behaviour Therapy — 7 classes
› Nature and Process of Psychotherapy, Therapeutic Relationship
› Type of Therapies, Behaviour Therapy and Cognitive Therapy
› Humanistic-Existential and Alternative Therapies
› Psychoanalysis: Free Association, Dream Analysis and Transference
› Client-centred Therapy
› Behavioural Techniques: Flooding and Token Economy
› Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy and the A-B-C-D-E Model
• Social Perception - attribution or the process through which people try to understand the reasons for others’ behaviour — 5 classes
› Social Perception and Impression Formation
› Attribution: Internal and External Causes of Behaviour
› Kelley's Theory: Consensus, Distinctiveness and Consistency
› Attribution Biases: Fundamental Attribution Error and Self-serving Bias
› Using Attribution to Understand Everyday Behaviour
• Social Influence- how people try to change others’ behaviour; social norms; conformity and obedience - factors affecting them — 7 classes
› Nature and Formation of Groups
› Type of Groups and Influence of Group on Individual Behaviour
› Key Terms, Summary and Review Questions
› Social Facilitation and Social Loafing
› Conformity and Asch's Experiment
› Obedience and Milgram's Experiment
› Social Norms and Factors Affecting Conformity and Obedience
• Meaning of “Attitude” - how attitudes are formed and changed — 4 classes
› Explaining Social Behaviour, Nature and Components of Attitudes
› Attitude Formation and Change
› Persuasion: Source, Message and Audience
› Cognitive Dissonance Theory
• Prejudice – meaning of “prejudice” and discrimination; the origins of prejudice; how prejudice can be resisted — 3 classes
› Attitude-Behaviour Relationship, Prejudice and Discrimination
› Strategies for Handling Prejudice, Key Terms, Summary and Review Questions
› Origins of Prejudice: Learning, Stereotypes and Social Categorisation
• Meaning and nature of counselling — 5 classes
› Meaning and Nature of Counselling
› Aims and Types of Counselling
› Characteristics of a Good Counsellor
› Communication Skills in Counselling: Listening, Empathy and Questioning
› Stages of the Counselling Process
• Environmental effect on human behaviour — 6 classes
› How the Environment Shapes Human Behaviour
› Noise and Its Effects on Behaviour
› Air and Water Pollution: Effects on Health and Behaviour
› Crowding and Population Density
› Natural Disasters: Psychological Effects
› Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: Symptoms and Recovery
• Promoting Pro- environmental behaviour — 4 classes
› Why Pro-environmental Behaviour Matters
› Psychological Barriers to Environment-friendly Behaviour
› Changing Behaviour: Education, Rewards and Social Norms
› Environmental Attitudes and Sustainable Lifestyles
• Adverse effects of poverty and deprivation — 6 classes
› Meaning and Measurement of Poverty and Deprivation
› Causes of Poverty
› Psychological Effects of Poverty and Deprivation
› Poverty and Its Effects on Education, Health and Aspirations
› Measures to Reduce Poverty: Government Programmes
› The Role of Psychology in Reducing Poverty
| 12 |
Economics |
16 chapters
· 142 classes
|
• Demand — 15 classes
› 2.1 Utility
› 2.1.1 Cardinal Utility Analysis
› 2.1.2 Ordinal Utility Analysis
› 2.2 The Consumer’s Budget
› 2.2.1 Budget Set and Budget Line
› 2.2.2 Changes in the Budget Set
› 2.3 Optimal Choice of the Consumer
› 2.4 Demand
› 2.4.2 Deriving a Demand Curve from Indifference Curves and Budget
› 2.4.3 Normal and Inferior Goods
› 2.4.4 Substitutes and Complements
› 2.4.5 Shifts in the Demand Curve
› 2.5 Market Demand
› 2.4.1 Demand Curve and the Law of
› 2.1.1 Cardinal Utility Analysis
• Elasticity of demand — 9 classes
› 2.6 Elasticity of Demand
› 2.6.1 Elasticity along a Linear Demand Curve
› 2.6.2 Factors Determining Price Elasticity of Demand for a Good
› 2.6.3 Elasticity and Expenditure
› 2.6 Elasticity of Demand
› 2.6.2 Factors Determining Price Elasticity of Demand for a Good
› Types of Price Elasticity of Demand: Perfectly Elastic to Perfectly Inelastic
› Measuring Price Elasticity: Percentage and Point Methods
› Income Elasticity and Cross Elasticity of Demand
• Supply — 11 classes
› 4.4 Supply Curve of a Firm
› 4.4.1 Short Run Supply Curve of a Firm
› 4.4.2 Long Run Supply Curve of a Firm
› 4.5 Determinants of a Firm’s Supply Curve
› 4.5.1 Technological Progress
› 4.5.2 Input Prices
› 4.6 Market Supply Curve
› 4.7 Price Elasticity of Supply
› 4.4 Supply Curve of a Firm
› 4.7 Price Elasticity of Supply
› Law of Supply: Statement, Schedule and Exceptions
• Market Mechanism — 10 classes
› 5.1 Equilibrium, Excess Demand, Excess Supply
› 5.1.1 Market Equilibrium: Fixed Number of Firms
› 5.1.2 Market Equilibrium: Free Entry and Exit
› 5.2 Applications
› 5.2.1 Price Ceiling
› 5.2.2 Price Floor
› 5.1.1 Market Equilibrium: Fixed Number of Firms
› 5.1.2 Market Equilibrium: Free Entry and Exit
› 5.2.1 Price Ceiling
› 5.2.2 Price Floor
• Concept of production and production function — 10 classes
› 3.1 Production Function
› 3.2 The Short Run and the Long Run
› 3.3 Total Product, Average Product and Marginal Product
› 3.3.1 Total Product
› 3.3.3 Marginal Product
› 3.4 The Law of Diminishing Marginal Product and
› 3.5 Shapes of Total Product, Marginal Product
› 3.6 Returns to Scale
› 3.7.1 Short Run Costs
› Law of Variable Proportions: Three Stages of Returns to a Factor
• Cost and revenue — 10 classes
› 3.7 COSTS
› 3.7.2 Long Run Costs
› 4.2 Revenue
› 4.3 Profit Maximisation
› 4.3.1 Condition 1
› 4.3.2 Condition 2
› 4.3.3 Condition 3
› 4.3.4 The Profit Maximisation
› 4.3 Profit Maximisation
› Producer's Equilibrium: MR-MC Approach with Numerical Problems
• Main market forms — 6 classes
› 4.1 Perfect Competition: Defining Features
› 4.1 Perfect Competition: Defining Features
› Monopoly: Features and Firm's Equilibrium
› Monopolistic Competition: Product Differentiation and Equilibrium
› Oligopoly and Monopsony: Features and Examples
› Firm's Equilibrium Under Perfect Competition: Short Run and Long Run
• Theory of Income and Employment — 13 classes
› 4.1 Aggregate Demand and Its Components
› 4.1.1. Consumption
› 4.1.2. Investment
› 4.2 Determination of Income in Two-Sector Model
› 4.3 D
› 4.3 Determination
› 4.3.1 Macroeconomic Equilibrium with Price Level Fixed
› 4.3.2 Effect of an Autonomous Change in Aggregate Demand on Income
› 4.3.3 The Multiplier Mechanism
› 4.4 Some More Concepts
› Propensity to Consume and Save: APC, MPC, APS and MPS
› Excess and Deficient Demand: Inflationary and Deflationary Gaps
› Measures to Correct Excess and Deficient Demand
• Money: meaning, functions of money, supply of money — 11 classes
› 3.1 Functions of Money
› 3.2 Demand for Money and Supply of Money
› 3.2.1. Demand for Money
› 3.2.2. Supply of Money
› 3.3.2 Limits to Credit Creation and Money Multiplier
› 6. Index Number in Economics
› Saving and Investment
› Meaning and Evolution of Money
› Money Supply Measures: M0 to M4
› Inflation: Meaning, Causes and Effects
› Measures to Control Inflation
• Banks: functions of commercial bank; high powered money, credit creation by commercial banks; Central Bank: functions — 6 classes
› 3.3 Money Creation by Banking System
› 3.3.1 Balance Sheet of a Fictional Bank
› 3.4 Policy Tools to Control Money Supply
› Functions of Commercial Banks
› High-Powered Money and the Money Multiplier
› Central Bank: Functions and Role
• Balance of Payment and Exchange Rate — 10 classes
› 6.1 The Balance of Payments
› 6.1.1 Current Account
› 6.1.2 Capital Account
› 6.1.3 Balance of Payments Surplus and Deficit
› 6.2 The Foreign Exchange Market
› 6.2.1 Foreign Exchange Rate
› 6.2.2 Determination of the Exchange Rate
› 6.2.3 Merits and Demerits of Flexible and Fixed Exchange Rate Systems
› 6.2.4 Managed Floating
› Causes and Correction of Balance of Payments Disequilibrium
• Fiscal Policy: meaning and instruments of fiscal policy — 9 classes
› 5.1 Government Budget — Meaning and Its Components
› 5.1.1 Objectives of Government Budget
› 5.1.2 Classification of Receipts
› 5.1.3. Classification of Expenditure
› 5.2 Balanced, Surplus and Deficit Budget
› 5.2.1 Measures of Government Deficit
› Instruments of Fiscal Policy: Taxation, Spending and Public Debt
› Public Debt: Internal and External Borrowing
› Deficit Financing: Meaning, Methods and Effects
• Government Budget: meaning, types and components — 4 classes
› Meaning and Types of Government Budget
› Revenue Deficit and Its Implications
› Fiscal Deficit and How It Is Financed
› Primary Deficit and Numerical Problems on Deficits
• Circular flow of Income — 5 classes
› 2.1 Some Basic Concepts of Macroeconomics
› 2.2 Circular Flow of Income and Methods
› Two-Sector Circular Flow of Income
› Three-Sector Circular Flow with Government
› Four-Sector Circular Flow with the Foreign Sector
• Concepts and definition of NY, GNP, GDP, NNP, private income, personal income, personal disposable income, National Disposable Income and per capita income — 8 classes
› 2.2.4 Factor Cost, Basic Prices and Market Prices
› 2.3 Some Macroeconomic Identities
› 2.4 Nominal and Real GDP
› 2.5 GDP and Welfare
› How to Compare Different Countries or States?
› Private Income, Personal Income and Personal Disposable Income
› National Disposable Income and Per Capita Income
› Relationships Between Income Concepts with Numericals
• Methods of measuring National Income — 5 classes
› 2.2.1 The Product or Value Added Method
› 2.2.2 Expenditure Method
› 2.2.3 Income Method
› Numerical Problems: Product and Expenditure Methods
› Numerical Problems: Income Method and Mixed Questions
| 13 |
Business Studies |
17 chapters
· 93 classes
|
• Business Environment — 4 classes
› Meaning and Features of Business Environment
› Importance and Dimensions of Business Environment
› Marketing Environment: Meaning and Importance
› ETOP and Environmental Scanning
• Components of Business Environment — 4 classes
› Economic Reforms and the Economic Environment in India
› Impact of Government Policy Changes on Business and Industry, and Chapter Review
› Internal and External Environment: Micro and Macro Determinants
› Impact of the Micro and Macro Environment on Business
• S.W.O.T. Analysis — 4 classes
› What SWOT analysis is and why a business uses it
› Strengths and weaknesses: looking inside the business
› Opportunities and threats: looking at the outside world
› Building and using a SWOT table for a business decision
• Management: Meaning, features and importance of management — 4 classes
› Introduction, Concept and Characteristics of Management
› Objectives and Importance of Management
› Management as an Art, Science and Profession
› Levels and Functions of Management
• Principles of Management — 5 classes
› Concept, Nature and Significance of Principles of Management
› Taylor's Scientific Management and its Principles
› Techniques of Scientific Management
› Fayol's Principles of Management
› Fayol versus Taylor — A Comparison, and Chapter Review
• Planning — 4 classes
› Meaning, Features, Importance and Limitations of Planning
› The Planning Process
› Types of Plans: Objectives, Strategy and Policy
› Types of Plans: Procedure, Method, Rule, Programme and Budget, and Chapter Review
• Organising — 5 classes
› Meaning, Steps and Importance of Organising
› Organisation Structure: Functional and Divisional
› Formal and Informal Organisation
› Delegation of Authority
› Decentralisation, and Chapter Review
• Staffing — 6 classes
› Meaning, Importance and Evolution of Staffing
› The Staffing Process
› Recruitment: Meaning and Sources
› Selection Process
› Training and Development: Meaning and Importance
› Methods of Training: On-the-Job and Off-the-Job, and Chapter Review
• Directing — 6 classes
› Meaning, Importance and Principles of Directing
› Elements of Direction: Supervision
› Motivation: Concept, Importance and Theories
› Leadership
› Communication: Meaning, Importance and Process
› Formal and Informal Communication, Barriers, and Chapter Review
• Controlling — 3 classes
› Meaning, Importance, and Relationship with Planning; the Controlling Process
› Techniques of Controlling, and Chapter Review
› Management by exception: meaning, working and merits
• Coordination — 3 classes
› Coordination — The Essence of Management
› Features and importance of coordination
› Types of coordination and how it is achieved
• Business Finance and Financial Planning — 7 classes
› Meaning of Business Finance and Financial Management
› Objectives of Financial Management and the Three Financial Decisions
› Factors Affecting Financing and Dividend Decisions
› Financial Planning: Meaning, Objectives and Importance
› Capital Structure and EBIT-EPS Analysis
› Factors Affecting the Choice of Capital Structure
› Fixed Capital and Working Capital: Meaning and Determining Factors
• Sources of finance for a Joint Stock Company — 14 classes
› 8.3.1 Period Basis
› 8.3.2 Ownership Basis
› 8.4 Sources of Finance
› 8.4.1 Retained Earnings
› 8.4.2 Trade Credit
› 8.4.5 Public Deposits
› 8.4.6 Commercial Paper
› 8.4.7 Issue of Shares
› 8.4.8 Debentures
› 8.4.9 Commercial Banks
› 8.4.10 Financial Institutions
› 8.6 Factors Affecting the Choice
› Owned Funds: Capital, Shares and Retained Earnings
› Borrowed Funds: Debentures, Loans, Trade Credit and Deposits
• Stock Exchange — 5 classes
› Primary Market: Methods of Flotation and the IPO Process
› Rights Issue, Private Placement, Secondary Market and Stock Exchange
› Stock Exchange: Organisation, Listing and SEBI
› The stock broker and common stock market terms
› The demat account and how shares are traded
• Marketing: Concept and functions — 7 classes
› Concept of Marketing, Market and Marketing Management
› Marketing Management Philosophies
› Functions of Marketing
› Concept of Marketing: Meaning and Definition
› Marketing Philosophies
› Selling versus Marketing
› Objectives, Scope and Importance of Marketing
• Marketing Mix: Meaning and Elements — 9 classes
› Marketing Mix: Product, Price, Place and Promotion
› Introduction to the marketing mix
› The four Ps: product, price, place and promotion
› Introduction to the Marketing Mix and Its Characteristics
› Elements of the Marketing Mix: Product, Price, Place and Promotion
› Marketing Mix for Consumer Goods and Services
› From the 4 P's to the 4 C's
› Marketing Mix, Products and Classification of Goods
› The product life cycle: introduction, growth, maturity and decline
• Consumer protection — 3 classes
› Importance and Need for Consumer Protection
› The Consumer Protection Act 2019: Who is a Consumer, Rights and Responsibilities
› Ways and Means of Consumer Protection, Redressal Agencies and the Role of NGOs
| 14 |
Accountancy |
16 chapters
· 193 classes
|
• Fundamentals of Partnership — 16 classes
› 1.1-1.2 Nature of Partnership and the Partnership Deed
› 1.2.1 Provisions of the Partnership Act Relevant for Accounting
› 1.3-1.4 Special Aspects and Capital Accounts of Partners
› 1.5-1.5.1 Distribution of Profit and the Profit and Loss Appropriation Account
› 1.5.1 Appropriation Account Illustrations: Profit, Loss and Partner's Loan
› 1.5.2 Interest on Capital
› 1.5.3 Interest on Drawings: Fixed Monthly and Quarterly Amounts
› 1.5.3 Interest on Drawings: Product Method and Practice
› 1.6 Guarantee of Profit to a Partner
› 1.7 Past Adjustments
› Chapter Summary and Key Terms
› Questions for Practice and Numerical Problems I: Long Answers and Numericals 1-7
› Questions for Practice and Numerical Problems II: Numericals 8-14
› Questions for Practice and Numerical Problems III: Numericals 15-27
› Questions for Practice and Numerical Problems IV: Numericals 28-37
› Questions for Practice and Numerical Problems V: Numericals 38-43 and Answers
• Goodwill — 6 classes
› 2.5.1-2.5.3 Meaning, Factors and Need for Valuation of Goodwill
› 2.5.4.1 Average Profits Method
› 2.5.4.1-2.5.4.2 Adjusted Profits and the Super Profits Method
› 2.5.4.2-2.5.4.3 Super Profits Worked Examples and Capitalisation of Average Profits
› 2.5.4.3 Capitalisation of Super Profits and Mixed Practice
› Questions for Practice: Sacrificing Ratio and Goodwill Numericals
• Admission of a partner — 20 classes
› 2.1-2.2 Modes of Reconstitution and Admission of a New Partner
› 2.3 New Profit Sharing Ratio
› 2.4 Sacrificing Ratio
› 2.5.5.1 Premium for Goodwill Brought in Cash
› 2.5.5.1 Goodwill in Cash: Withdrawal and Existing Goodwill
› 2.5.5.1 New Partner Does Not Bring Goodwill in Cash
› 2.5.5.1 Goodwill Already in the Books and Accounting Standard 26
› 2.5.5.2 Hidden Goodwill
› 2.6 Adjustment for Accumulated Profits and Losses
› 2.7 Revaluation of Assets and Reassessment of Liabilities
› 2.7 Revaluation: Capital Accounts and Balance Sheet of the New Firm
› 2.8 Adjustment of Capitals
› 2.8 Adjustment of Capitals: Fixed Total Capital and Current Accounts
› 2.8 Comprehensive Problem: Capital Adjustment through Current Accounts
› 2.8 Comprehensive Problem: Goodwill, Revaluation and Half Withdrawn
› 2.9 Change in Profit Sharing Ratio among the Existing Partners
› Chapter Summary and Key Terms
› Questions for Practice: Long Answers and New Profit Sharing Ratios
› Questions for Practice: Goodwill Entries and Admission Problems
› Questions for Practice: Capital Adjustment and Comprehensive Problems
• Retirement and Death of a partner — 19 classes
› 3.1 Ascertaining the Amount Due to a Retiring or Deceased Partner
› 3.2-3.3 New Profit Sharing Ratio and Gaining Ratio
› 3.2-3.3 Illustrations on New and Gaining Ratio
› 3.4 Treatment of Goodwill When It Is Not in the Books
› 3.4 Goodwill Already in the Books and Hidden Goodwill
› 3.5-3.6 Revaluation and Accumulated Profits and Losses
› 3.6-3.7 Profit up to the Date of Retirement and Modes of Payment
› 3.7 Retiring Partner's Loan Account and Instalments
› 3.7 Complete Retirement Illustration: Suresh Retires
› 3.7 Complete Retirement Illustration: Gagan Retires
› 3.8 Adjustment of Partners' Capitals
› 3.8 Capital Adjustment: Neeraj Retires and Practice
› 3.9 Death of a Partner and Share of Profit up to Death
› 3.9 Death of a Partner: Executor's Account
› 3.9 Death of a Partner: Sohan's Legal Representatives
› Chapter Summary and Key Terms
› Questions for Practice and Numerical Problems (1)
› Questions for Practice and Numerical Problems (2)
› Questions for Practice and Numerical Problems (3)
• Dissolution of a Partnership firm — 18 classes
› 4.1-4.2 Dissolution of Partnership and Dissolution of a Firm
› 4.2 Dissolution by Court and Partnership versus Firm
› 4.3 Settlement of Accounts
› 4.4 Accounting Treatment and the Realisation Account
› 4.4.1 Journal Entries: Transfer, Sale and Payment (Illustration 1)
› 4.4.1 Journal Entries: Creditors, Expenses and Remuneration
› 4.4.1 Journal Entries: Unrecorded Items, Profit or Loss and Final Settlement
› Illustrations 2 and 3: Realisation Expenses and Unrecorded Assets
› Illustration 4: Current Accounts and Reserves on Dissolution
› Illustration 5: Partner's Wife's Loan, Goodwill and Reserves
› Illustration 6: Loss on Realisation and Fixed Remuneration
› Illustrations 7 and 8: Unrecorded Investment, Loan Interest and Loan to a Partner
› Illustration 9: Partner Bringing in Cash for a Debit Balance
› Illustrations 10 and 11: Creditors Settled by Assets
› Chapter Summary and Key Terms
› Questions for Practice and Numerical Problems: Theory and Journal Entries
› Questions for Practice and Numerical Problems: Problems 11 to 15
› Questions for Practice and Numerical Problems: Problems 16 to 20
• Issue of Shares — 25 classes
› 1.1-1.2 Features and Kinds of Companies
› 1.3 Share Capital of a Company
› 1.4 Nature and Classes of Shares
› 1.5-1.6 Issue of Shares: Application and Allotment
› 1.6 Calls on Shares
› 1.6.1-1.6.2 Calls in Arrears and Calls in Advance
› 1.6.2 Preference and Equity Shares Together, Arrears with Advance
› 1.6.3 Over Subscription: Three Ways to Allot
› 1.6.3-1.6.4 Over Subscription Illustration and Under Subscription
› 1.6.5 Issue of Shares at a Premium
› 1.6.6-1.6.7 Discount and Consideration other than Cash
› Private Placement, ESOP and the Meaning of Forfeiture
› 1.7 Forfeiture of Shares at Par and at a Premium
› 1.7 Forfeiture after Pro-rata Allotment: Illustration 13
› 1.7 Forfeiture and Reissue Worked Together: Illustration 14
› 1.7.1 Illustration 15 and Reissue of Forfeited Shares
› 1.7.1 Reissue of Part of the Forfeited Shares: Illustrations 16 and 17
› 1.7.1 Pro-rata Allotment, Advance and Reissue: Illustration 18
› 1.7.1 Forfeiture and Reissue: Illustration 19
› 1.7.1 Forfeiture and Reissue: Illustration 20
› 1.7.1 Forfeiture and Reissue: Illustration 21
› Chapter Summary and Key Terms
› Questions for Practice and Numerical Problems I: Issue of Shares
› Questions for Practice and Numerical Problems II: Forfeiture and Reissue
› Questions for Practice and Numerical Problems III
• Issue of Debentures — 18 classes
› 2.1-2.2 Meaning of Debentures and Distinction between Shares and Debentures
› 2.3-2.4 Types of Debentures
› 2.4.1 Issue of Debentures at Par
› 2.4.2-2.4.3 Issue of Debentures at a Discount and at a Premium
› 2.4.3-2.5 Premium Collected in Three Instalments and Over Subscription
› 2.6 Debentures Issued to Vendors for Assets Purchased
› 2.6 Debentures Issued for the Purchase of a Business
› 2.7 Issue of Debentures as a Collateral Security
› 2.8 Terms of Issue of Debentures: Issue and Redemption Terms
› 2.8 Terms of Issue of Debentures: A Mixed Illustration and Practice
› 2.9-2.10 Interest on Debentures and the Rule for Writing Off Discount or Loss on Issue
› 2.10 Writing off Discount or Loss on Issue: Worked Illustrations
› Test your Understanding II and III
› Chapter Summary and Key Terms
› Questions for Practice: Short and Long Answer Questions
› Questions for Practice: Numerical Problems on the Issue of Debentures
› Questions for Practice: Interest, Write-off and Mixed Problems
› Interest on Debentures and Tax Deducted at Source (TDS)
• Final Accounts of Companies — 12 classes
› 3.1 Meaning of Financial Statements
› 3.2 Nature of Financial Statements
› 3.3 Objectives of Financial Statements
› 3.4 Balance Sheet Format under Schedule III
› 3.4 Shareholders' Funds: Share Capital and Reserves and Surplus
› 3.4 Current and Non-current Liabilities: Borrowings, Payables and Provisions
› 3.4 Assets in the Balance Sheet: Fixed Assets, Investments and Current Assets
› 3.4 Preparing a Company Balance Sheet (Comprehensive Illustration)
› 3.4.2 Statement of Profit and Loss under Schedule III
› 3.5 Uses and Importance of Financial Statements
› 3.6 Limitations of Financial Statements
› Notes to Accounts: Building the Supporting Schedules Behind a Company Balance Sheet
• Financial Statement Analysis — 9 classes
› 4.1 Meaning of Analysis of Financial Statements
› 4.2-4.3 Significance and Objectives of Financial Analysis
› 4.4 Tools of Financial Analysis
› 4.5 Comparative Statement of Profit and Loss
› 4.5 Comparative Balance Sheet
› 4.6 Common Size Statement of Profit and Loss
› 4.6 Common Size Balance Sheet
› 4.7 Limitations of Financial Analysis
› Questions for Practice: Profit and Loss and Common Size Problems
• Cash Flow Statement (Only for Manufacturing Companies) — 19 classes
› 6.1-6.2 Objectives and Benefits of the Cash Flow Statement
› 6.3-6.5 Cash and Cash Equivalents, Cash Flows and Operating Activities
› 6.5.2-6.5.3 Investing and Financing Activities
› 6.5.4 Interest, Dividend, Tax and the Format of the Statement
› 6.6 Indirect Method: Starting Point, Proposed Dividend and First Adjustments
› 6.6.1 Working Capital Changes and the Proforma of Operating Activities
› 6.6.1 Illustrations 3 and 4: Operating Cash Flow with Tax and Goodwill
› 6.6.1 Working Capital Practice and Profit from Balance Sheets
› 6.7 Cash Flow from Investing and Financing Activities
› 6.8 Illustration 7: Preparing the Cash Flow Statement of Pioneer Ltd.
› 6.8 Illustration 8: Cash Flow Statement of Xerox Ltd.
› 6.8 Illustration 9: Cash Flow Statement of Oswal Mills Ltd.
› 6.8 Illustration 10: Cash Flow Statement of Banjara Ltd.
› Chapter Summary and Key Terms
› Questions for Practice: Short and Long Answers, Numericals 1 to 3
› Questions for Practice: Numericals 4 to 6
› Questions for Practice: Numericals 7 and 8
› Questions for Practice: Numericals 9 and 10
› Questions for Practice: Numericals 11 and 12, Answers to Test Your Understanding
• Liquidity Ratios — 5 classes
› 5.1-5.2 Meaning and Objectives of Ratio Analysis
› 5.5 Types of Ratios
› 5.6 Liquidity Ratios: Current Ratio and Quick Ratio
› 5.6 Liquidity Ratios: Working Backwards and the Effect of Transactions
› Questions for Practice: Numerical Problems 1 to 15
• Solvency Ratios — 5 classes
› 5.7.1-5.7.2 Debt-Equity Ratio and Debt to Capital Employed Ratio
› 5.7.3-5.7.4 Proprietary Ratio and Total Assets to Debt Ratio
› 5.7.5 Interest Coverage Ratio
› Solvency Ratios: Mixed Numerical Problems
› Reading Solvency Ratios: What High and Low Values Tell a Lender
• Activity Ratios — 4 classes
› 5.8.1 Inventory Turnover Ratio
› 5.8.2-5.8.3 Trade Receivables and Trade Payables Turnover Ratios
› 5.8.4 Net Assets, Fixed Assets and Working Capital Turnover Ratios
› Questions for Practice: Numerical Problems 16 to 22
• Profitability Ratios — 4 classes
› 5.9.1-5.9.3 Gross Profit, Operating and Operating Profit Ratios
› 5.9.4-5.9.5 Net Profit Ratio and Return on Investment
› Profitability Ratios: Worked Problems on Gross, Operating and Net Profit
› Return on Investment: Worked Problems and Interpretation
• Concept and features of Electronic Spreadsheet — 7 classes
› 2.1 Basic Concepts of Spreadsheet — Workbook, Cells, Labels and Formulas
› 2.2 Data Entry, Text Management, Cell Formatting and Data Validation
› 2.3 Data Formatting
› 2.4-2.5 Output Reports and Pivot Table
› 2.6 Common Errors (Messages) in Spreadsheet
› Utility of Electronic Spreadsheets in Accounting Work
› Merits and Demerits of Electronic Spreadsheets
• Electronic spreadsheets: Creating graphs and charts — 6 classes
› Need and Meaning of Graphs and Charts for Business Data
› Preparing a Chart in Excel: Basic Steps and Elements of a Chart
› Formatting a Chart and Changing the Chart Type
› 2D/3D Charts, Resizing and the Advantages of Graphs and Charts
› Drawing a Bar Chart from Worksheet Data in Excel
› Drawing a Pie Chart from Worksheet Data in Excel
| 15 |
Entrepreneurship |
24 chapters
· 173 classes
|
• Forms of business organisations in the private sector — 19 classes
› Forms of Enterprise and Sole Proprietorship
› Partnership
› Joint Stock Company — Meaning, Characteristics and Private vs Public
› Joint Stock Company — Legal Formalities for Incorporation
› Joint Hindu Family Business, Co-operative Organisation and Choosing the Right Form
› 2.1 Introduction
› 2.2 Sole Proprietorship
› 2.3 Joint Hindu Family Business
› 2.4 Partnership
› 2.4.1 Types of Partners
› 2.4.2 Types of Partnerships
› 2.6 Joint Stock Company
› 2.6.1 Types of Companies
› 2.7 Choice of Form of Business Organisation
› Private Company: Meaning and Features
› Public Company: Meaning and Features
› Limited Liability Partnership (LLP): Features and Advantages
› One Person Company (OPC): Meaning, Features and Who Should Choose It
› Family-Managed Businesses: Strengths, Conflicts and Succession
• The Entrepreneurial Life Cycle — 5 classes
› The Entrepreneurial Life Cycle: An Overview of Four Stages
› Idea Stage: Spotting and Testing a Business Idea
› Launch Stage: Registration, Funding and First Customers
› Growth Stage: Scaling Sales, Team and Systems
› Exit Stage: Deciding When and How to Leave
• Entrepreneurship Opportunities — 4 classes
› The Entrepreneurial Ecosystem: Who and What Supports a New Venture
› Spotting Opportunities from Unmet Needs and Market Gaps
› Opportunities from Technology, Policy and Social Change
› Turning an Opportunity into a Workable Venture
• Bottom of Pyramid (BOP) — 3 classes
› Bottom of Pyramid: What the Term Means and Who Belongs to It
› Assumptions About the Bottom of Pyramid Market
› Serving the Bottom of Pyramid Profitably: Small Packs, Low Prices, High Volume
• Opportunities for entrepreneurs in the impoverished socio-economic group — 5 classes
› Social Entrepreneurship: Concept and Characteristics
› Case Studies: SEWA and Lijjat Papad
› Opportunities in Low-Cost Products and Services for Low-Income Customers
› Opportunities in Microfinance, Rural Markets and Local Employment
› Inclusive Business Models and Shared Value
• Challenges for entrepreneurs in the impoverished socio-economic group — 4 classes
› Barriers to Entrepreneurship, Business Incubation, and Government Support
› Challenges of Low Income, Poor Infrastructure and Limited Credit
› Challenges of Low Literacy, Weak Distribution and Trust
› Overcoming Challenges: Partnerships, Technology and Community Networks
• Entrepreneurial Environment — 11 classes
› Meaning and Features of Business Environment
› Importance and Dimensions of Business Environment
› Economic Reforms and the Economic Environment in India
› Impact of Government Policy Changes on Business and Industry, and Chapter Review
› Internal and External Environment: Micro and Macro Determinants
› Impact of the Micro and Macro Environment on Business
› Exploring Opportunities — Sensing, Factors & Environment Scanning (PESTEL)
› PESTLE Analysis: Political and Economic Factors
› PESTLE Analysis: Social and Technological Factors
› PESTLE Analysis: Legal and Environmental Factors
› Applying PESTLE to a Real Business Idea
• Current Entrepreneurship Trends — 4 classes
› Niche Markets: Finding and Serving a Focused Customer Group
› The Gig Economy: Freelancing, Platforms and Entrepreneurial Opportunities
› Subscription-Based Business Models
› Social Commerce: Selling Through Social Media Platforms
• Indian Startup Ecosystem — 4 classes
› Growth of the Indian Startup Ecosystem
› Startup India and Other Government Support
› Incubators, Accelerators and Venture Funding in India
› Unicorns and Success Stories from India
• Financial Literacy — 4 classes
› What Financial Literacy Means for an Entrepreneur
› Budgeting, Saving and Managing Business Money
› Credit, Interest and Debt: Using Borrowing Wisely
› Digital Payments, Banking Services and Avoiding Financial Fraud
• Common terminology in finance — 9 classes
› Business Finance: Meaning, Need and Sources Classified
› Types of Cost
› Income Statement
› Cash Flow Projections
› Break Even Analysis – for a single product or service
› Cash Register
› Common Finance Terms: Assets, Liabilities, Capital and Equity
› Common Finance Terms: Revenue, Profit, Turnover and Margin
› Common Finance Terms: Interest, Depreciation and Dividend
• Sources of Finance — 22 classes
› 8.2 Meaning, Nature and Significance
› 8.3 Classification of Sources of Funds
› 8.3.1 Period Basis
› 8.3.2 Ownership Basis
› 8.3.3 Source of Generation Basis
› 8.4 Sources of Finance
› 8.4.1 Retained Earnings
› 8.4.2 Trade Credit
› 8.4.3 Factoring
› 8.4.4 Lease Financing
› 8.4.5 Public Deposits
› 8.4.6 Commercial Paper
› 8.4.7 Issue of Shares
› 8.4.8 Debentures
› 8.4.9 Commercial Banks
› 8.4.10 Financial Institutions
› 8.5 International Financing
› 8.6 Factors Affecting the Choice
› Sources of Finance: Shares, Angel Investors, Loans and Grants
› Finance: Meaning, Need and Sources
› Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) as a Source of Finance
› Internal and External Sources Compared for a New Venture
• Business Arithmetic — 11 classes
› Unit of Sale, Unit Price, Unit Cost and Gross Profit for Multiple Products
› Break-even Analysis for Multiple Products (Sales Mix Method)
› Cash Flow Projections, Budgeting and Working Capital
› Inventory Control, ABC Analysis and Economic Order Quantity (EOQ)
› Return on Investment, Return on Equity, EBITDA and Chapter Review
› 5.8.1 Inventory Turnover Ratio
› Fixed Capital and Working Capital: Meaning and Determining Factors
› Working Capital: Calculation and Management
› Economic Order Quantity: Worked Numericals
› Return on Investment and Return on Equity: Worked Numericals
› Inventory Turnover: Interpreting the Ratio
• Entrepreneurial Marketing — 2 classes
› Entrepreneurial Marketing: Meaning and How It Differs from Traditional Marketing
› Marketing on a Small Budget: The Entrepreneur's Approach
• Market Sizing — 5 classes
› Why Market Sizing Matters to a New Venture
› Total Addressable Market (TAM)
› Serviceable Addressable Market (SAM)
› Serviceable Obtainable Market (SOM)
› Estimating TAM, SAM and SOM for a Sample Business
• Market Positioning Tools — 7 classes
› Positioning: Meaning and Basis of Positioning
› Positioning the product
› 5.2 Develop Unique Selling Proposition (USP) for the Campaign
› 3.5 Create a Brand Positioning Statement for a Target Market
› Point of Parity (PoP): Matching What Competitors Offer
› Point of Difference (PoD): What Sets a Brand Apart
› Using USP, PoP and PoD Together to Position a Product
• Marketing Strategies — 4 classes
› Differentiation Strategy: Standing Out from Competitors
› Red Ocean Strategy: Competing in Crowded Markets
› Blue Ocean Strategy: Creating Uncontested Market Space
› Red Ocean and Blue Ocean Compared with Examples
• Forms of Entrepreneurial Marketing — 4 classes
› Guerrilla Marketing: Low-Cost Creative Campaigns
› Buzz Marketing: Getting People Talking
› Viral Marketing: Content That Spreads by Itself
› Choosing Between Guerrilla, Buzz and Viral Marketing
• Types of Digital Marketing — 16 classes
› 2.1 Understand the Basics of SEO and Its Importance in Digital Marketing
› 2.2 Explore Key On-Page SEO Techniques for Enhanced Visibility
› 2.3 Analyze Off-Page SEO Strategies and Their Impact on Rankings
› 2.4 Discover Effective SEM Campaigns: Google Ads Basics
› 2.5 Leverage Social Media Platforms for Targeted Marketing
› 2.6 Utilize Analytics Tools to Measure and Optimize Digital Marketing Efforts
› 1.1 Understand the Basics of SEO and Its Importance in Digital Marketing
› 1.3 Analyse the Role of Social Media in Building Brand Awareness
› 1.4 Create Engaging Content for Social Media Platforms
› 1.5 Implement Effective Email Marketing Techniques for Customer Engagement
› 1.6 Evaluate Campaign Performance: SEO, Social Media, and Email Metrics
› Online Marketing and Social Media Marketing: Meaning, Advantages and Disadvantages
› Social Media Platforms and Emerging Trends Project
› Content Marketing, Blogging and Video Marketing
› Influencer Marketing and Affiliate Marketing
› Mobile Marketing and Messaging Campaigns
• Marketing Promotional Tools — 6 classes
› Advantages and Limitations of Yellow Pages, Mobiles, Telephones and Cinema Advertising
› Modes of Advertisement
› Promotional Mix: Decision, Selection Factors and Comparison of Modes
› Advertising, Sales Promotion and Public Relations as Promotional Tools
› Personal Selling and Direct Marketing for Entrepreneurs
› Low-Cost Promotional Tools for Start-ups
• Franchising — 7 classes
› Franchising: Meaning, Agreement and Types
› Franchising: Advantages, Disadvantages and Real Cases
› 11.2.3 Licensing and Franchising
› Franchisee and Franchisor: Roles, Rights and Duties
› COCO and COFO Models Explained
› FOCO and FOFO Models Explained
› Comparing the Four Franchise Models
• Mergers and Acquisitions — 7 classes
› Growth of an Enterprise: Internal and External Expansion
› Mergers: Meaning, Types and the Kraft-Cadbury Case
› Acquisitions and the Reasons for M&A Success and Failure
› Motives for Mergers and Acquisitions
› Advantages of Mergers and Acquisitions
› Disadvantages and Risks of Mergers and Acquisitions
› Horizontal, Vertical and Conglomerate Mergers
• Change Management — 5 classes
› Why Change Happens in a Growing Enterprise
› Resistance to Change: Causes and Ways to Reduce It
› Lewin's Three-Step Model: Unfreeze, Change, Refreeze
› The ADKAR Model of Change
› Kotter's Eight-Step Model of Change
• Enterprise Exit Strategies — 5 classes
› Why Entrepreneurs Plan an Exit
› Family Succession: Handing the Business to the Next Generation
› Management Buyout (MBO)
› Initial Public Offering (IPO) as an Exit
› Liquidation: Closing a Business in an Orderly Way
| 16 |
Mathematics |
13 chapters
· 140 classes
|
• Relations and Functions — 4 classes
› 1.1 Introduction
› 1.2 Types of Relations
› 1.3 Types of Functions
› 1.4 Composition of Functions and Invertible Function
• Inverse Trigonometric Functions — 4 classes
› 2.1 Introduction
› 2.2 Basic Concepts
› 2.3 Properties of Inverse Trigonometric Functions
› Graphs of the Six Inverse Trigonometric Functions
• Matrices — 16 classes
› 3.1 Introduction
› 3.2 Matrix
› 3.2.1 Order of a matrix
› 3.3 Types of Matrices
› 3.3.1 Equality of matrices
› 3.4 Operations on Matrices
› 3.4.1 Addition of matrices
› 3.4.2 Multiplication of a matrix by a scalar
› 3.4.3 Properties of matrix addition
› 3.4.4 Properties of scalar multiplication of a matrix
› 3.4.5 Multiplication of matrices
› 3.4.6 Properties of multiplication of matrices
› 3.5. Transpose of a Matrix
› 3.5.1 Properties of transpose of the matrices
› 3.6 Symmetric and Skew Symmetric Matrices
› 3.7 Invertible Matrices
• Determinants — 13 classes
› 4.1 Introduction
› 4.2 Determinant
› 4.2.1 Determinant of a matrix of order one
› 4.2.2 Determinant of a matrix of order two
› 4.2.3 Determinant of a matrix of order 3 × 3
› 4.3 Area of a Triangle
› 4.4 Minors and Cofactors
› 4.5 Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix
› 4.5.1 Adjoint of a matrix
› 4.6 Applications of Determinants and Matrices
› 4.6.1 Solution of system of linear equations using inverse of a matrix
› Properties of Determinants and How to Use Them
› Consistency of a System of Linear Equations
• Continuity, Differentiability and Differentiation — 11 classes
› 5.1 Introduction
› 5.2 Continuity
› 5.2.1 Algebra of continuous functions
› 5.3. Differentiability
› 5.3.1 Derivatives of composite functions
› 5.3.2 Derivatives of implicit functions
› 5.3.3 Derivatives of inverse trigonometric functions
› 5.4 Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
› 5.5. Logarithmic Differentiation
› 5.6 Derivatives of Functions in Parametric Forms
› 5.7 Second Order Derivative
• Applications of Derivatives — 11 classes
› 6.1 Introduction
› 6.2 Rate of Change of Quantities
› 6.2 Related Rates: Worked Problems
› 6.3 Increasing and Decreasing Functions
› 6.3 Finding Intervals of Increase and Decrease: Worked Problems
› 6.4 Maxima and Minima: Local Extrema and Critical Points
› 6.4 First and Second Derivative Tests
› 6.4 Optimisation: Word Problems on Maxima and Minima
› 6.4.1 Maximum and Minimum Values of a Function in a Closed Interval
› Slope, Tangent and Normal to a Curve
› Equations of Tangents and Normals: Worked Problems
• Integrals — 18 classes
› 7.1 Introduction
› 7.2 Integration as an Inverse Process of Differentiation
› 7.2.1 Some properties of indefinite integral
› 7.3 Methods of Integration
› 7.3.1 Integration by substitution
› 7.3.2 Integration using trigonometric identities
› 7.4 Integrals of Some Particular Functions
› 7.5 Integration by Partial Fractions
› 7.6 Integration by Parts
› 7.6.1 Integral of the type
› 7.6.2 Integrals of some more types
› 7.7 Definite Integral
› 7.8 Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
› 7.8.1 Area function
› 7.8.2 First fundamental theorem of integral calculus
› 7.8.3 Second fundamental theorem of integral calculus
› 7.9 Evaluation of Definite Integrals by Substitution
› 7.10 Some Properties of Definite Integrals
• Application of Integrals (Area under the curve) — 6 classes
› 8.1 Introduction and the Elementary Strip Idea
› 8.2 Area of a Circle and an Ellipse by Integration
› 8.2 Curves Below and Across the x-axis: Worked Examples
› Miscellaneous Exercise, Chapter Summary and Historical Note
› Area Between Two Curves
› Area Between a Parabola and a Line: Worked Problems
• Differential Equations — 9 classes
› 9.1 Introduction
› 9.2 Basic Concepts
› 9.2.1. Order of a differential equation
› 9.2.2 Degree of a differential equation
› 9.3. General and Particular Solutions of a Differential Equation
› 9.4. Methods of Solving First Order, First Degree Differential Equations
› 9.4.1 Differential equations with variables separable
› 9.4.2 Homogeneous differential equations
› 9.4.3 Linear differential equations
• Vector Algebra — 15 classes
› 10.1 Introduction
› 10.2 Some Basic Concepts
› 10.3 Types of Vectors
› 10.4 Addition of Vectors
› 10.5 Multiplication of a Vector by a Scalar
› 10.5.1 Components of a vector
› 10.5.2 Vector joining two points
› 10.5.3 Section formula
› 10.6 Product of Two Vectors
› 10.6.1 Scalar (or dot) product of two vectors
› 10.6.2 Projection of a vector on a line
› 10.6.3 Vector (or cross) product of two vectors
› 10.6.3 Areas by Cross Product and Chapter Review
› 11.2 Direction Cosines and Direction Ratios of a Line
› 11.2.1 Direction cosines of a line passing through two points
• Three - dimensional Geometry — 11 classes
› 11.1 Introduction
› 11.3 Equation of a Line in Space
› 11.4 Angle between Two Lines
› 11.5 Shortest Distance between Two Lines
› 11.5.1 Distance between two skew lines
› 11.5.2 Distance between parallel lines
› Equation of a Plane in Cartesian and Vector Form
› Plane Through Three Points and Intercept Form of a Plane
› Angle Between Two Planes and Between a Line and a Plane
› Distance of a Point from a Plane
› Coplanarity of Two Lines
• Linear Programming — 7 classes
› 12.1 Introduction
› 12.2 Linear Programming Problem and its Mathematical Formulation
› 12.2.1 Mathematical formulation of the problem
› 12.2.2 Graphical method of solving linear programming problems
› Feasible Regions and the Corner Point Method
› Formulating and Solving Manufacturing and Mixture Problems
› Diet and Transport Problems in Linear Programming
• Probability — 15 classes
› 13.1 Introduction
› 13.2 Conditional Probability
› 13.2.1 Properties of conditional probability
› 13.2 Conditional Probability: Worked Examples and Exercise 13.1
› 13.3 Multiplication Theorem on Probability
› 13.4 Independent Events
› 13.4 Independent Events: Properties and Worked Problems
› 13.5 Bayes' Theorem
› 13.5.1 Partition of a sample space
› 13.5.2 Theorem of total probability
› 13.5 Bayes' Theorem: Statement, Proof and Worked Examples
› 13.5 Bayes' Theorem: Mixed Problems and Chapter Exercises
› Random Variables and Their Probability Distributions
› Mean of a Random Variable
› Bernoulli Trials and the Binomial Distribution
| 17 |
Physics |
15 chapters
· 89 classes
|
• Electric Charges and Fields — 6 classes
› Electric Charge and Its Basic Properties
› Coulomb's Law and Forces Between Multiple Charges
› Electric Field, Field Lines and Electric Flux
› The Electric Dipole and Continuous Charge Distributions
› Gauss's Law
› Applications of Gauss's Law
• Electrostatic Potential, Potential Energy and Capacitance — 7 classes
› Electrostatic Potential Energy and Potential
› Potential Due to a Point Charge, a Dipole and a System of Charges
› Equipotential Surfaces and Potential Energy of Charges
› Electrostatics of Conductors
› Dielectrics, Polarisation and Capacitors
› The Parallel Plate Capacitor and Combinations of Capacitors
› Energy Stored in a Capacitor
• Current Electricity — 7 classes
› Electric Current and Currents in Conductors
› Ohm's Law and Drift of Electrons
› Resistivity, Temperature Dependence and Electrical Power
› Cells, EMF, Internal Resistance and Combinations of Cells
› Kirchhoff's Rules
› The Wheatstone Bridge
› The Potentiometer: Comparing EMFs and Finding Internal Resistance
• Moving charges and magnetism — 6 classes
› Magnetic Force and the Lorentz Force
› Force on a Current-Carrying Conductor and Motion in a Magnetic Field
› The Biot-Savart Law
› Ampere's Circuital Law, the Solenoid and Force Between Parallel Currents
› Torque on a Current Loop and the Magnetic Dipole
› The Moving Coil Galvanometer
• Magnetism and Matter — 6 classes
› The Bar Magnet and Its Field Lines
› The Bar Magnet as an Equivalent Solenoid and the Electrostatic Analogy
› Magnetism and Gauss's Law
› Magnetisation and Magnetic Intensity
› Diamagnetism and Paramagnetism
› Ferromagnetism
• Electromagnetic Induction — 6 classes
› Faraday and Henry's Experiments, and Magnetic Flux
› Faraday's Law of Induction
› Lenz's Law and Conservation of Energy
› Motional Electromotive Force
› Inductance: Mutual and Self
› The AC Generator
• Alternating Current — 6 classes
› AC Voltage Applied to a Resistor
› Phasors and AC Voltage Applied to an Inductor
› AC Voltage Applied to a Capacitor
› The Series LCR Circuit and Resonance
› Power in AC Circuits and the Power Factor
› Transformers
• Electromagnetic Waves — 4 classes
› Displacement Current
› Electromagnetic Waves: Sources and Nature
› The Electromagnetic Spectrum: Radio Waves to Visible Light
› The Electromagnetic Spectrum: Ultraviolet Rays, X-Rays and Gamma Rays
• Ray Optics and Optical Instruments — 8 classes
› Reflection by Spherical Mirrors: Sign Convention and the Mirror Equation
› Magnification by Mirrors, and Refraction
› Total Internal Reflection
› Refraction at a Spherical Surface, and the Lens Maker's Formula
› Power of a Lens and Combination of Lenses
› Refraction Through a Prism
› Optical Instruments: The Microscope
› Optical Instruments: The Telescope
• Wave Optics — 6 classes
› Huygens Principle
› Refraction and Reflection of Plane Waves Using Huygens Principle
› Coherent and Incoherent Addition of Waves
› Interference of Light Waves and Young's Experiment
› Diffraction: The Single Slit
› Polarisation
• Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter — 5 classes
› Electron Emission and the Discovery of the Photoelectric Effect
› Experimental Study of the Photoelectric Effect
› The Failure of the Wave Theory and Einstein's Photoelectric Equation
› The Particle Nature of Light: The Photon
› The Wave Nature of Matter: de Broglie's Hypothesis
• Atoms — 5 classes
› Alpha-Particle Scattering and the Geiger-Marsden Experiment
› Rutherford's Nuclear Model: Trajectories and Electron Orbits
› Atomic Spectra and the Need for Bohr's Model
› Bohr's Postulates: Orbit Radii, Energy Levels and Line Spectra
› De Broglie's Explanation of Bohr's Quantisation
• Nuclei — 5 classes
› Atomic Masses and the Composition of the Nucleus
› The Size of the Nucleus and Nuclear Binding Energy
› The Nuclear Force and Radioactivity
› Nuclear Energy: Fission and the Start of Fusion
› Controlled Thermonuclear Fusion and Mass-Energy Interconversion
• Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits — 6 classes
› Classification of Metals, Insulators and Semiconductors
› Intrinsic Semiconductors
› Extrinsic Semiconductors: Doping, n-type and p-type
› p-n Junction Formation
› Semiconductor Diode: Forward and Reverse Bias
› Junction Diode as a Rectifier
• Semiconductor diode — 6 classes
› The p-n Junction Diode: Reading Its I-V Characteristics
› The Diode as a Half-Wave and Full-Wave Rectifier
› Zener Diode: Breakdown and Voltage Regulation
› Light-Emitting Diode: How It Gives Out Light
› Photodiode: Detecting Light in Reverse Bias
› Solar Cell: Converting Light into Electrical Energy
| 18 |
Chemistry |
10 chapters
· 149 classes
|
• Solutions — 19 classes
› 1.1 Types of Solutions and 1.2 Expressing Concentration of Solutions
› 1.3.1 Solubility of a Solid in a Liquid
› 1.3.2 Solubility of a Gas in a Liquid
› 1.4 Vapour Pressure of Liquid Solutions
› 1.4.1 Vapour Pressure of Liquid-Liquid Solutions
› 1.4.2 Raoult's Law for Solutions of Volatile Liquids
› 1.4.3 Vapour Pressure of Solutions of Solids in Liquids
› 1.5 Ideal and Non-ideal Solutions
› 1.5.1 Ideal Solutions and 1.5.2 Non-ideal Solutions
› 1.6 Colligative Properties and Determination of Molar Mass
› 1.6.1 Relative Lowering of Vapour Pressure
› 1.6.2 Elevation of Boiling Point
› 1.6.3 Depression of Freezing Point
› 1.6.4 Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure
› Determination of Molar Mass from Osmotic Pressure
› 1.6.5 Reverse Osmosis and Water Purification
› 1.7 Abnormal Molar Masses
› 1.7.1 Van't Hoff Factor
› 1.10.2 Reactions in Solutions — Concentration Terms
• Electrochemistry — 15 classes
› 2.1 Electrochemical Cells
› 2.2 Galvanic Cells
› 2.3 Nernst Equation
› 2.3.1 Equilibrium Constant from Nernst Equation
› 2.3.2 Electrochemical Cell and Gibbs Energy of Reaction
› 2.4 Conductance of Electrolytic Solutions
› 2.4.1 Measurement of the Conductivity of Ionic Solutions
› 2.4.2 Variation of Conductivity and Molar Conductivity with Concentration
› 2.4.3 Kohlrausch's Law and Applications of Conductivity Measurements
› 2.5.1 Products of Electrolysis
› 2.6 Batteries
› 2.6.1 Primary Batteries
› 2.6.2 Secondary Batteries
› 2.7 Fuel Cells
› 2.8 Corrosion
• Chemical Kinetics — 13 classes
› 3.1 Rate of a Chemical Reaction
› 3.2 Factors Influencing Rate of a Reaction
› 3.2.1 Dependence of Rate on Concentration
› 3.2.2 Rate Law (Rate Expression and Rate Constant)
› 3.2.3 Order of a Reaction
› 3.2.4 Molecularity of a Reaction
› 3.3 Integrated Rate Equations
› 3.3.1 Zero Order Reactions
› 3.3.2 First Order Reactions
› 3.3.3 Half-Life of a Reaction
› 3.4 Temperature Dependence of the Rate of a Reaction
› 3.4.1 Effect of Catalyst
› 3.5 Collision Theory of Chemical Reactions
• d- and f- Block Elements — 27 classes
› 4.1 Position in the Periodic Table
› 4.2 Electronic Configurations of the d-Block Elements
› 4.3.1 Physical Properties
› 4.3 General Properties of the Transition Elements (d-Block)
› 4.3.2 Variation in Atomic and Ionic Sizes of Transition Metals
› 4.3.3 Ionisation Enthalpies
› 4.3.4 Oxidation States
› 4.3.5 Trends in the M2+/M Standard Electrode Potentials
› 4.3.6 Trends in the M3+/M2+ Standard Electrode Potentials
› 4.3.7 Trends in Stability of Higher Oxidation States
› 4.3.9 Magnetic Properties
› 4.3.8 Chemical Reactivity and Eo Values
› 4.3.11 Formation of Complex Compounds
› 4.3.10 Formation of Coloured Ions
› 4.3.12 Catalytic Properties, 4.3.13 Interstitial Compounds and 4.3.14 Alloy Formation
› 4.4 Some Important Compounds of Transition Elements
› 4.4.1 Oxides and Oxoanions of Metals
› 4.4.2 Potassium Dichromate and Potassium Permanganate
› 4.5 The Lanthanoids: Electronic Configurations
› 4.5.2 Atomic and Ionic Sizes (Lanthanoid Contraction)
› 4.5.3 Oxidation States (Lanthanoids)
› 4.5.4 General Characteristics of Lanthanoids
› 4.6 The Actinoids
› 4.6.1 Electronic Configurations (Actinoids)
› 4.6.2 Ionic Sizes and 4.6.3 Oxidation States (Actinoids)
› 4.6.4 General Characteristics and Comparison with Lanthanoids
› 4.7 Some Applications of d- and f-Block Elements
• Coordination Compounds — 19 classes
› 5.1 Werner's Theory and 5.2 Definitions of Important Terms
› 5.3 Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds
› 5.3.1 Formulas of Mononuclear Coordination Entities
› 5.3.2 Naming of Mononuclear Coordination Compounds
› 5.4 Isomerism in Coordination Compounds
› 5.4.1 Geometric Isomerism
› 5.4.2 Optical Isomerism
› 5.4.3 Linkage Isomerism
› 5.4.4 Coordination Isomerism and 5.4.5 Ionisation Isomerism
› 5.4.6 Solvate Isomerism
› 5.5 Bonding in Coordination Compounds
› 5.5.1 Valence Bond Theory
› 5.5.2 Magnetic Properties of Coordination Compounds
› 5.5.3 Limitations of Valence Bond Theory
› 5.5.4 Crystal Field Theory
› 5.5.5 Colour in Coordination Compounds
› 5.5.6 Limitations of Crystal Field Theory
› 5.6 Bonding in Metal Carbonyls
› 5.7 Importance and Applications of Coordination Compounds
• Haloalkanes and Haloarenes — 12 classes
› Classification of Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
› Nomenclature of Halogen Derivatives
› Nature of the Carbon-Halogen Bond
› Methods of Preparation of Haloalkanes
› Preparation of Haloarenes
› Physical Properties of Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
› Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions I - SN2 Mechanism and Stereochemistry
› Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions II - SN1 Mechanism and Reactivity Order
› Stereochemistry of Substitution, Elimination Reactions, and Reaction with Metals
› Reactions of Haloarenes: Nucleophilic and Electrophilic Substitution
› Directive Influence and Polyhalogen Compounds
› Chapter Summary and Revision
• Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers — 12 classes
› Classification of Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
› Nomenclature of Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
› Structures of the Functional Groups
› Preparation of Alcohols
› Preparation of Phenols and Physical Properties of Alcohols and Phenols
› Acidity of Alcohols and Phenols, and Esterification
› Reactions Involving C-O Bond Cleavage: Halide Formation, Dehydration and Oxidation
› Reactions of Phenols: Electrophilic Substitution, Kolbe's and Reimer-Tiemann Reactions
› Some Commercially Important Alcohols: Methanol and Ethanol
› Ethers: Preparation and Physical Properties
› Ethers: Chemical Reactions and Cleavage Mechanism
› Chapter Summary and Revision
• Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids — 11 classes
› Nomenclature and Structure of the Carbonyl Group
› Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones
› Physical Properties of Aldehydes and Ketones
› Nucleophilic Addition Reactions: Mechanism, Reactivity and Named Examples
› Reduction, Oxidation and the Haloform Test
› Reactions due to Alpha-Hydrogen, Other Reactions, and Uses of Aldehydes and Ketones
› Nomenclature and Structure of the Carboxyl Group
› Methods of Preparation of Carboxylic Acids
› Physical Properties and Acidity of Carboxylic Acids
› Esterification, Acid Derivatives, Reduction and Decarboxylation
› Substitution in the Hydrocarbon Part, and Uses of Carboxylic Acids
• Organic compounds containing Nitrogen — 9 classes
› Structure and Classification of Amines
› Nomenclature of Amines
› Preparation of Amines
› Physical Properties of Amines
› Basicity of Amines: Structure-Basicity Relationship
› Alkylation, Acylation, Carbylamine Reaction, and Reaction with Nitrous Acid
› Hinsberg's Test and Electrophilic Substitution of Aniline
› Diazonium Salts: Preparation and Physical Properties
› Diazonium Salts: Chemical Reactions and Importance in Synthesis
• Biomolecules — 12 classes
› Carbohydrates: Definition and Classification
› Glucose: Preparation and Open-Chain Structure
› D/L Configuration and Cyclic Structures of Glucose and Fructose
› Disaccharides: Sucrose, Maltose and Lactose
› Polysaccharides and the Importance of Carbohydrates
› Amino Acids: Structure, Classification and Zwitter Ion
› Structure of Proteins: Peptide Bond to Quaternary Structure
› Denaturation of Proteins and Enzymes
› Vitamins: Classification, Sources and Deficiency Diseases
› Nucleic Acids: Composition, Structure and Functions
› Hormones
› Enzymes: Action, Kinetics and Classification
| 19 |
Biology |
13 chapters
· 190 classes
|
• Sexual reproduction in flowering plants — 11 classes
› Flower - A Fascinating Organ of Angiosperms
› Stamen, Microsporangium and Pollen Grain
› The Pistil, Megasporangium (Ovule) and Embryo Sac
› Pollination: Its Kinds
› Agents of Pollination: Wind, Water and Animals
› Outbreeding Devices
› Double Fertilisation and the Endosperm
› The Embryo
› Seed and Fruit
› Apomixis and Polyembryony
› Pollen-Pistil Interaction and Artificial Hybridisation
• Human Reproduction — 9 classes
› The Male Reproductive System
› The Female Reproductive System
› Spermatogenesis and the Structure of a Sperm
› Oogenesis
› The Menstrual Cycle
› Fertilisation and How the Sex of the Baby Is Decided
› From Zygote to Implantation
› Pregnancy, the Placenta and Embryonic Development
› Parturition and Lactation
• Reproductive Health — 6 classes
› What Reproductive Health Means, and India's Programmes
› Population Growth, and Natural and Barrier Contraception
› IUDs, Pills, Injectables, Implants and Surgical Methods
› Medical Termination of Pregnancy
› Sexually Transmitted Infections
› Infertility and Assisted Reproductive Technologies
• Principles of inheritance and variation — 17 classes
› Genetics, Mendel and the Pea Plant
› The Monohybrid Cross and the 3:1 Ratio
› The Punnett Square, the Genotypic Ratio and the Test Cross
› The Law of Dominance and the Law of Segregation
› Incomplete Dominance, and What Dominance Really Is
› Co-dominance, Multiple Alleles and ABO Blood Groups
› The Dihybrid Cross
› The Law of Independent Assortment and the 9:3:3:1 Ratio
› The Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance
› Linkage and Recombination
› Polygenic Inheritance and Pleiotropy
› Sex Determination: XO, XY and ZW
› Sex Determination in Humans and in the Honey Bee
› Mutation and Pedigree Analysis
› Mendelian Disorders: Colour Blindness and Haemophilia
› Mendelian Disorders: Sickle-cell Anaemia, Phenylketonuria and Thalassemia
› Chromosomal Disorders
• Molecular basis of Inheritance — 20 classes
› DNA and the Polynucleotide Chain
› The Double Helix
› Packaging of the DNA Helix
› The Search for Genetic Material: Griffith's Transforming Principle
› Avery, MacLeod and McCarty, and the Hershey-Chase Experiment
› Properties of Genetic Material, and the RNA World
› Replication and the Meselson-Stahl Experiment
› The Machinery and the Enzymes of Replication
› Transcription and the Transcription Unit
› The Transcription Unit and the Gene: Exons, Introns and Cistrons
› Types of RNA, and Transcription in Bacteria and Eukaryotes
› The Genetic Code
› Mutations, the Reading Frame, and tRNA the Adapter Molecule
› Translation
› Regulation of Gene Expression
› The Lac Operon
› The Human Genome Project: Goals and Methods
› Salient Features of the Human Genome, and What Follows From It
› DNA Fingerprinting: Polymorphism and Satellite DNA
› VNTR, the Technique and Its Applications
• Evolution — 13 classes
› The Origin of the Universe and the Earth
› How Life Began: Panspermia, Pasteur and Miller's Experiment
› Evolution of Life Forms: Darwin's Theory
› Evidence from Fossils and from Embryos
› Homology and Analogy
› Evolution Seen Happening: Breeding, Moths and Resistance
› Adaptive Radiation
› Biological Evolution: Darwin, Lamarck and Malthus
› Mechanism of Evolution: deVries and Mutation
› The Hardy-Weinberg Principle
› A Brief Account of Evolution: From First Cells to the Dinosaurs
› Dinosaurs, Mammals and Continental Drift
› Origin and Evolution of Man
• Human Health and Diseases — 19 classes
› What Health Means
› Bacterial Diseases: Typhoid and Pneumonia
› Viral and Protozoan Diseases: Common Cold and Malaria
› Amoebiasis, Ascariasis, Filariasis and Ringworm
› Preventing and Controlling Infectious Diseases
› Immunity and the Four Innate Barriers
› Acquired Immunity: Antibodies and the Two Lymphocytes
› Active and Passive Immunity, Vaccination and Immunisation
› Allergies and Auto-immunity
› The Immune System in the Body: Lymphoid Organs
› AIDS: What It Is and How It Spreads
› How HIV Destroys Immunity, and How AIDS Is Prevented
› Cancer: Contact Inhibition, Tumours and Metastasis
› Causes, Detection and Treatment of Cancer
› Drugs of Abuse: Opioids, Cannabinoids and Cocaine
› Tobacco and Smoking
› Adolescence, Addiction and Dependence
› The Effects of Drug and Alcohol Abuse
› Prevention and Control of Drug and Alcohol Abuse
• Microbes in Human Welfare — 12 classes
› What Microbes Are and Where They Live
› Microbes in Household Products
› Fermented Beverages
› Antibiotics: The Discovery of Penicillin
› Chemicals, Enzymes and Bioactive Molecules from Microbes
› What Sewage Is, and Primary Treatment
› Secondary Treatment: Flocs, BOD and Activated Sludge
› Sewage Treatment in India: The Ganga and Yamuna Action Plans
› Biogas: Methanogens, the Rumen and the Gobar Gas Plant
› Biocontrol: Why Chemicals Are Not the Answer
› Biocontrol Agents: Bt, Trichoderma and Baculoviruses
› Microbes as Biofertilisers
• Biotechnology - Principles and processes — 17 classes
› What Biotechnology Is
› The Two Core Techniques, and Why Genetic Engineering Was Needed
› Origin of Replication, and What Cloning Means
› The First Recombinant DNA: Cohen and Boyer
› Restriction Enzymes: Discovery, Naming and Kinds
› Palindromes and Sticky Ends
› Gel Electrophoresis and Elution
› Cloning Vectors: Origin of Replication and Selectable Marker
› Cloning Sites and Insertional Inactivation
› Vectors for Cloning Genes in Plants and Animals
› Competent Host: Getting DNA Into a Cell
› Isolation of the Genetic Material
› Cutting the DNA and Making the Recombinant
› PCR: Amplifying the Gene of Interest
› Inserting the Recombinant DNA, and Obtaining the Gene Product
› Bioreactors
› Downstream Processing
• Biotechnology and its applications — 14 classes
› What Biotechnology Is Applied To, and the Three Ways to Grow More Food
› Tissue Culture, Totipotency and Micro-propagation
› Somatic Hybridisation
› Genetically Modified Organisms and the Five Benefits
› Bt Cotton: How the Toxin Works, and the cry Genes
› Pest Resistant Plants: RNA Interference
› Genetically Engineered Insulin
› Gene Therapy and the ADA Story
› Molecular Diagnosis
› Transgenic Animals: Physiology and the Study of Disease
› Transgenic Animals: Products, Vaccine Safety and Toxicity Testing
› Ethical Issues and the GEAC
› Biopiracy: Basmati, Turmeric and Neem
› Chapter Summary
• Organisms and Populations — 21 classes
› How and Why: The Two Questions Ecology Asks
› What a Population Is, and the Attributes It Has
› Population Density, and How It Is Measured
› The Four Processes That Change Population Density
› Exponential Growth
› The Chess Board: How Fast Exponential Growth Is
› Logistic Growth and Carrying Capacity
› Life History Variation
› Population Interactions: The Six Kinds
› Predation and Its Roles in Nature
› How Prey and Plants Defend Themselves
› Competition: What It Is and How It Is Shown
› Competitive Exclusion and Resource Partitioning
› Parasitism: Adaptations and Life Cycles
› Ectoparasites, Endoparasites and Brood Parasitism
› Commensalism
› Mutualism: Lichens, Mycorrhizae and the Fig Wasp
› Orchids and Sexual Deceit
› Organism and Environment: Major Abiotic Factors
› Responses to Environment: Regulate, Conform, Migrate and Suspend
› Adaptations of Plants and Animals to Their Habitats
• Ecosystem — 16 classes
› What an Ecosystem Is
› The Structure of an Ecosystem, and the Pond
› Productivity: GPP, NPP and Secondary Productivity
› Decomposition
› Energy Flow: The Sun, PAR and the Two Laws
› Consumers and the Grazing Food Chain
› The Detritus Food Chain and the Food Web
› Trophic Levels, Standing Crop and the Ten Per Cent Law
› Ecological Pyramids: The Three Types
› Upright and Inverted Pyramids
› The Limitations of Ecological Pyramids
› Chapter Summary
› Nutrient Cycling: The Carbon Cycle
› Nutrient Cycling: The Phosphorus Cycle
› Ecological Succession: Primary and Secondary
› Succession of Plants on Land and in Water
• Biodiversity and its Conservation — 15 classes
› The Diversity of Life, and What Biodiversity Means
› The Three Levels of Biodiversity
› How Many Species Are There on Earth?
› India's Share of the World's Species
› Latitudinal Gradients in Diversity
› Why the Tropics Are So Rich: Three Hypotheses
› Species-Area Relationships
› Does Species Diversity Matter? Tilman and the Rivet Popper
› The Record of Extinction, and the Sixth Extinction
› The Evil Quartet: Habitat Loss and Over-exploitation
› The Evil Quartet: Alien Species and Co-extinctions
› Why Should We Conserve Biodiversity?
› In Situ Conservation: Hotspots, Parks and Sacred Groves
› Ex Situ Conservation and the International Agreements
› Chapter Summary
| 22 |
Electricity & Electronics |
14 chapters
· 76 classes
|
• Distribution of electric power — 5 classes
› Layout of a Power Distribution System
› Overhead Lines and Their Parts
› Underground Cables: Construction and Laying
› Overhead and Underground Systems Compared
› D.C. and A.C. Distribution Systems
• The D.C. generator and motor — 8 classes
› D.C. Motors: Types, Construction and Working Principles
› D.C. Motors: Characteristics, Winding Details and Applications
› Starting and Starters for D.C. Motors and Installation of D.C. Motor
› Principle and Construction of a D.C. Generator
› The Commutator and Rectification of Generated E.M.F.
› Field Connections: Shunt, Series and Compound Generators
› Characteristics of D.C. Generators
› Back E.M.F. in a D.C. Motor
• The A.C. motor — 6 classes
› Single Phase A.C. Motors: Types of A.C. Motors
› Single Phase A.C. Motors: Construction, Working Principles, Characteristics, Winding Details and Applications
› Starting and Starters for Single Phase A.C. Motors
› The Rotating Magnetic Field in a Single-Phase Motor
› The Split-Phase Induction Motor
› Capacitor-Start Motors
• Wires, cables and electrical wiring — 7 classes
› Types of Wiring: Cleat, Casing and Capping, CTS/TRS, Metal Sheath, Conduit and Concealed
› Factors for Selecting a Wiring System; Switch, Fuse and Earthing
› Types of Earthing: Plate Earthing and Pipe Earthing
› Number of Circuits, Distribution Board, Loop-in System and IE Rules
› Cable Types and Insulation Materials
› Cable Sizing and Current Rating
› Voltage Drop in Cables
• Electrical accessories — 4 classes
› Switches: Types and Uses
› Power Outlets, Plugs and Sockets
› Lamp Holders and Ceiling Roses
› Junction Boxes and Their Use
• Introduction to electronics — 4 classes
› Electricity and Electrical Quantities: Voltage, Current and Resistance
› Passive Components: Resistor, Capacitor and Inductor
› Electron, Force, Field Intensity, Potential, Energy, Current and Ionization Potential
› Resistors, Capacitors and Inductors
• Diodes — 6 classes
› p-n Junction Formation
› Semiconductor Diode: Forward and Reverse Bias
› Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors: N-type and P-type
› The PN Junction Diode: Depletion Layer, Barrier, Biasing and V-I Characteristic
› Zener Diode, Photo Diode, LED and Types and Applications of Diodes
› The Thermionic Diode: Construction, Emission and Characteristics
• Power supply for electronic apparatus — 5 classes
› Transformer, Integrated Circuit and Semiconductor Memory
› Power Supply, Batteries, SMPS and UPS
› Diode as Rectifier: Half Wave and Full Wave, Voltage Multipliers
› Zener Regulator and Introduction to Filters, Clippers and Clampers
› Transformers
• Vacuum triode — 4 classes
› Construction and Working of the Vacuum Triode
› Static Characteristics of the Triode
› Triode Parameters: Amplification Factor, Plate Resistance and Mutual Conductance
› The Triode as a Voltage Amplifier
• Semiconductor Transistors — 3 classes
› Construction and Operation of NPN and PNP Transistors
› Biasing of the BJT
› Handling Precautions and Testing of Transistors
• Transistor amplifier — 5 classes
› CB, CE and CC Configurations and Their Characteristics
› Transistor Parameters and Gain Measurement
› Amplifiers: Single and Multi-stage and General Characteristics
› Phase Relationship between Input and Output in Amplifiers
› Bias Stabilisation and Thermal Runaway
• The amplifier — 4 classes
› Feedback in Amplifiers
› Voltage Amplification
› Power Amplification and Output Stages
› Matching the Output Stage to the Loudspeaker
• Apparatus for reproducing and recording sounds — 7 classes
› Microphones: Carbon and Variable Reactance
› Microphones: Capacitance, Piezo-Electric and Moving Coil
› Moving Coil Loudspeaker: Construction, Working, Impedance and Power Level
› Frequency Characteristics of Practical Loudspeakers: Woofer, Tweeter, Squawker and Enclosure
› Analog and Digital Sound Recording, Disk Recording and Reproduction
› Magnetic Recording and Playback: Bias and the Tape Recorder System
› Gramophone Pick-ups and Earphones
• Common types of electronic measuring instruments — 8 classes
› Moving Iron and Moving Coil Voltmeters and Ammeters
› Digital Multimeter
› Analog Multi Meter
› Digital Multi Meter
› The Valve Voltmeter
› The Transistorised Voltmeter
› The Signal Generator
› The Cathode-Ray Oscilloscope
| 28 |
Music (Hindustani, Carnatic or Western) |
48 chapters
· 261 classes
|
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 1: Vocal Music: Musical Terms and Forms — 11 classes
› Alankar
› Kan, Meend, Khatka, Murki and Gamak
› Gamak, Meend and Kan
› Krintan, Zamzama, Ghaseet and Sut
› Naad: Ahat and Anahat Sound and Its Qualities
› Types of Raga by Number of Notes: Audav, Shadav and Sampurna
› Dhrupad: Form, Structure and Style of Singing
› Dhamar: Form, Tala and Its Link with Holi Songs
› Andolan: The Slow Swing on a Note and Where It Is Used
› Alaap: Unfolding a Raga Before the Rhythm Begins
› Taan: Types of Fast Melodic Runs and How to Practise Them
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 1: Vocal Music: Systems of Indian Classical Music — 5 classes
› Common Roots of Hindustani and Carnatic Music
› Swara, Shruti and Scale Systems Compared
› Raga and Tala Systems Compared
› Compositional Forms and Styles of Performance Compared
› Instruments and Notation in the Two Systems Compared
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 1: Vocal Music: Placement of Swaras on twenty-two Shrutis — 4 classes
› The Twenty-two Shrutis: Meaning and Division of the Octave
› The Ancient Method: Shruti Placement in the Old Treatises
› The Modern Method: Placing Shuddha and Vikrit Swaras on the Shrutis
› Ancient and Modern Placement of Swaras Compared with a Chart
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 1: Vocal Music: “Thaats” of Bhatkhande — 7 classes
› Thaat, Jati, Laya and Tala: a first look
› Swar and Saptak
› The Ten Thaats of Bhatkhande: Names and the Scheme Behind Them
› Basic Rules of a Thaat: Seven Swaras, Order and Signs
› Bilawal, Khamaj and Kafi Thaats
› Asavari, Bhairav and Bhairavi Thaats
› Kalyan, Marwa, Poorvi and Todi Thaats
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 1: Vocal Music: Vadi Swar and time of Raga — 10 classes
› Raga Bihag
› Raga Bhimpalasi
› Raga Bhairavi
› Raga Bhairav
› Raga Bageshri
› Raga Malkauns
› Vadi, Samvadi, Anuvadi and Vivadi Swar
› The Time Theory of Ragas: Prahars of the Day and Night
› Purvang and Uttarang: The Two Halves of the Octave in a Raga
› Finding the Vadi Swar and Time of a Raga from Its Features
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 1: Vocal Music: Laya — 4 classes
› Jati, Laya and Tala
› Kala and Laya
› Vilambit, Madhya and Drut Laya: Recognising and Keeping Each Speed
› Layakari: Dugun, Tigun and Chaugun of a Tala
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 1: Vocal Music: Raga — 5 classes
› Raga Bihag
› Raga Bhairavi
› Raga Bageshwari: Swaras, Vadi-Samvadi, Time and Pakad
› Raga Kafi: Swaras, Vadi-Samvadi, Time and Pakad
› Raga Malkauns: Swaras, Vadi-Samvadi, Time and Pakad
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 1: Vocal Music: Notation of Taal — 5 classes
› Reading Taal Notation: Matra, Vibhag, Sam, Tali and Khali
› Notation of Dhamar Taal in Thah and Dugun
› Notation of Ektaal in Thah and Dugun
› Notation of Roopak Taal in Thah and Dugun
› Notation of Chartaal in Thah and Dugun
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 1: Vocal Music: Notation of Bandish (Chhota Khayal and Bada Khayal) — 4 classes
› Parts of a Bandish: Sthai and Antara
› Writing the Notation of a Chhota Khayal
› Writing the Notation of a Bada Khayal
› Marking Taal, Sam and Khali Along with the Swaras of a Bandish
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 1: Vocal Music: Classification of Indian Musical Instruments — 4 classes
› Natyashastra and Awanaddha Vadya
› Tat and Vitat Vadya: Plucked and Bowed String Instruments
› Sushir Vadya: Wind Instruments
› Ghan Vadya: Solid Instruments Struck Together
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 1: Vocal Music: Eminent Musicians of Hindustani Music — 4 classes
› Pt. Ravi Shankar: Life, Training and the Sitar
› Pt. Ravi Shankar: Contribution to Music at Home and Abroad
› Pt. Bhimsen Joshi: Life, Training and the Kirana Style
› Pt. Bhimsen Joshi: Contribution to Khayal Singing and Devotional Music
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 1: Vocal Music: Topics of general interest related to Music — 4 classes
› Planning a 200-word Essay on a Music Topic
› Music and Society: Writing on the Role of Music in Life
› Preserving Classical Music Today: Gurus, Institutions and Media
› Writing and Revising an Essay: Practice Topics
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 1: Vocal Music: Brief History and knowledge of Tanpura — 5 classes
› Parts of the Tanpura
› Strings, jawari and the sound of the Tanpura
› How the Tanpura is tuned
› Checking the tuning and common faults
› A Brief History of the Tanpura
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 2: Instrumental Music: Musical Terms and Forms — 9 classes
› Raga: Meaning and Features
› Gat in Instrumental Music
› Naad: Ahat and Anahat Sound and Its Qualities
› Types of Raga by Number of Notes: Audav, Shadav and Sampurna
› Maseetkhani (Vilambit) Gat: Structure and Playing
› Razakhani (Drut) Gat: Structure and Playing
› Meend, Ghaseet and Soot on a String Instrument
› Andolan, Gamak and Kan in Instrumental Playing
› Alaap and Jod-Alaap in Instrumental Presentation
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 2: Instrumental Music: Systems of Indian Classical Music — 4 classes
› Common Roots of Hindustani and Carnatic Music: The Instrumental View
› Swara, Shruti and Scale Systems Compared
› Raga and Tala Systems Compared
› Instruments and Playing Styles of the Two Systems Compared
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 2: Instrumental Music: Placement of Swaras on twenty-two Shrutis — 4 classes
› The Twenty-two Shrutis on a String Instrument
› The Ancient Method of Placing Swaras on the Shrutis
› The Modern Method of Placing Swaras on the Shrutis
› Comparing the Ancient and Modern Methods with a Chart
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 2: Instrumental Music: “Thaats” of Bhatkhande — 5 classes
› The Ten Thaats of Bhatkhande: Names and the Scheme Behind Them
› Basic Rules of a Thaat: Seven Swaras, Order and Signs
› Bilawal, Khamaj and Kafi Thaats on the Instrument
› Asavari, Bhairav and Bhairavi Thaats on the Instrument
› Kalyan, Marwa, Poorvi and Todi Thaats on the Instrument
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 2: Instrumental Music: Vadi Swar and time of Raga — 6 classes
› Raga Bhairav
› Raga Bageshri
› Raga Malkauns
› Vadi, Samvadi, Anuvadi and Vivadi Swar
› The Time Theory of Ragas: Prahars of the Day and Night
› Purvang and Uttarang: The Two Halves of the Octave in a Raga
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 2: Instrumental Music: Laya — 2 classes
› Vilambit, Madhya and Drut Laya on an Instrument
› Layakari: Dugun, Tigun and Chaugun of a Tala
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 2: Instrumental Music: Raga — 5 classes
› Raga Bihag: Swaras, Vadi-Samvadi, Time and Pakad on the Instrument
› Raga Bageshwari: Swaras, Vadi-Samvadi, Time and Pakad on the Instrument
› Raga Kafi: Swaras, Vadi-Samvadi, Time and Pakad on the Instrument
› Raga Bhairavi: Swaras, Vadi-Samvadi, Time and Pakad on the Instrument
› Raga Malkauns: Swaras, Vadi-Samvadi, Time and Pakad on the Instrument
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 2: Instrumental Music: Notation of Talas — 5 classes
› Notation of Talas in Thah, Dugun and Chaugun
› Notation of Dhamar Taal with Matras, Vibhag and Clap Signs
› Notation of Ektaal with Matras, Vibhag and Clap Signs
› Notation of Roopak Taal with Matras, Vibhag and Clap Signs
› Notation of Chartaal with Matras, Vibhag and Clap Signs
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 2: Instrumental Music: Notation of Bandish (Maseetkhani and Razakhani) — 6 classes
› Mastkhani Gat: A Brief History
› Razakhani Gat: A Brief History
› Writing notation: the Bhatkhande system and the parts of a composition
› Bols of the Gat: Mizrab Strokes and How They Are Written
› Notating a Razakhani Gat with Sthai and Antara
› Notating a Maseetkhani Gat with Sthai and Antara
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 2: Instrumental Music: Classification of Indian Musical Instruments — 4 classes
› Tat and Vitat Instruments: Plucked and Bowed Strings
› Sushir Instruments: Wind Instruments
› Avnada Instruments: Drums with Stretched Skins
› Ghan Instruments: Solid Instruments Struck Together
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 2: Instrumental Music: Eminent Musicians of Hindustani Music — 4 classes
› Pt. Ravi Shankar: Life, Training and the Sitar
› Pt. Ravi Shankar: Contribution to Music at Home and Abroad
› Pt. Bhimsen Joshi: Life, Training and the Kirana Style
› Pt. Bhimsen Joshi: Contribution to Khayal Singing and Devotional Music
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 2: Instrumental Music: Topics of general interest related to Music — 4 classes
› Planning a 200-word Essay on a Music Topic
› Music and Society: Writing on the Role of Music in Life
› Instrumental Music Today: Writing on Change and Tradition
› Writing and Revising an Essay: Practice Topics
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 2: Instrumental Music: Brief History and knowledge of your instrument — 4 classes
› A Brief History of Your Instrument
› Drawing and Labelling the Parts of Your Instrument
› Describing Your Instrument: Material, Construction and Sound
› Tuning Your Instrument Step by Step
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 3: Instrumental Music-Percussion (Tabla): History and knowledge of Tabla — 4 classes
› Origin and Evolution of the Tabla
› Parts of the Tabla: Drawing and Labelling Dayan and Bayan
› Tuning the Dayan
› Tuning the Bayan and Caring for the Tabla
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 3: Instrumental Music-Percussion (Tabla): Five Pranas of Taal — 5 classes
› The Five Pranas of Taal: An Overview
› Grah: The Starting Point of a Composition in the Taal
› Jaati: Groupings of Beats in a Composition
› Yati: Patterns of Flow in Rhythm
› Prastar: Permutations of Bols and Laya as a Prana
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 3: Instrumental Music-Percussion (Tabla): Classification of Indian musical Instruments — 4 classes
› Tat and Vitat Instruments: Plucked and Bowed Strings
› Sushir Instruments: Wind Instruments
› Avanadh Instruments: Drums with Stretched Skins and the Place of Tabla
› Ghan Instruments: Solid Instruments Struck Together
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 3: Instrumental Music-Percussion (Tabla): Compositions of Tabla — 9 classes
› Tihai: Building a Phrase Repeated Three Times to Reach Sam
› Gat: Structure and Playing on the Tabla
› Kayada: Theme, Palta and Tihai
› Palta: Developing a Kayada by Variation
› Rela: Fast Flowing Bols and Their Variations
› Laggi: Light, Quick Rhythm Patterns Used in Folk Style
› Ladi: Weaving a Chain of Repeated Patterns
› Chakkardar Tukda: A Composition That Ends in Three Rounds
› Paran: Powerful Bols of Pakhawaj Origin
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 3: Instrumental Music-Percussion (Tabla): Additional terms — 4 classes
› Sam, Taali and Khali: Marking the Cycle of a Taal
› Vibhag and Matra: Dividing a Taal
› Lehra (Nagma): The Melodic Accompaniment for Tabla Solo
› Writing a Taal with Sam, Taali, Khali and Vibhag Marked
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 3: Instrumental Music-Percussion (Tabla): Talas — 5 classes
› Teental: Matras, Vibhag, Theka and Layakari
› Jhaptaal: Matras, Vibhag, Theka and Layakari
› Dadra and Kaharwa: Six- and Eight-beat Light Rhythms
› Dhamar: Matras, Vibhag, Theka and Layakari
› Jhoomra: Matras, Vibhag, Theka and Layakari
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 3: Instrumental Music-Percussion (Tabla): Method of presentation — 4 classes
› Solo (Ekal) Tabla: Planning a Presentation
› Accompaniment (Sangat): Supporting a Vocal or Instrumental Performer
› Sangat with Dance and the Skills It Needs
› Solo and Sangat Compared: Rules, Duties and Etiquette
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 3: Instrumental Music-Percussion (Tabla): Eminent Musicians of Hindustani Music — 4 classes
› Pt. Kishan Maharaj: Life, Training and the Banaras Style
› Pt. Kishan Maharaj: Contribution to Tabla and Accompaniment
› Ustad Ahmad Jaan Thirakwa: Life, Training and Style
› Ustad Ahmad Jaan Thirakwa: Contribution to Tabla Playing and Teaching
• Indian Music (Hindustani) (872) - Part 3: Instrumental Music-Percussion (Tabla): Topics of general interest related to Music — 3 classes
› Planning a 200-word Essay on a Music Topic
› Rhythm and Tabla in Indian Life: Writing on Music and Society
› Writing and Revising an Essay: Practice Topics
• Indian Music (Carnatic) (873): The fundamental technical terms and their meanings — 5 classes
› Nada, Sruti and Swara: The Basic Terms of Carnatic Music
› Sthayi and Arohana-Avarohana: Octaves, Ascent and Descent
› Raga, Tala, Laya and Matra: Technical Terms Explained
› Vadi, Samvadi, Vivadi and Anuvadi Swaras in Carnatic Music
› Janaka, Janya and Other Terms of Raga Description
• Indian Music (Carnatic) (873): Principles of Sa, re, ga, ma, notations — 4 classes
› The Sa, Ri, Ga, Ma Notation System and Its Symbols
› Writing Swaras with Dots for the Three Octaves
› Showing Time Values and Gamakas in Notation
› Notating a Geetham and a Varnam
• Indian Music (Carnatic) (873): Raga classification in Carnatic Music — 5 classes
› Melakarta and Janya Ragas: The Idea of Parent and Child
› The Scheme of the 72 Melakartas
› The Twelve Chakras and Their Names
› The Katapayadi Formula: Reading a Raga Name as a Number
› Finding a Melakarta from Its Number and Its Number from Its Name
• Indian Music (Carnatic) (873): Lakshanas of the following 24 ragas — 8 classes
› Lakshana of Todi, Saveri and Chakravakam
› Lakshana of Bhairavi, Anandha Bhairavi and Karaharapriya
› Lakshana of Shri Ranjani, Ritigoula and Mukhari
› Lakshana of Harikambhoji, Natakuranji and Kedaragoula
› Lakshana of Sahana, Kambhoji and Yadukulakambhoji
› Lakshana of Sankarabharana, Hamsadhwani and Begada
› Lakshana of Atana, Nata and Purvakalyani
› Lakshana of Shanmukhapriya, Kalyani and Saranga
• Indian Music (Carnatic) (873): Manodharma Sangita and its forms — 5 classes
› Manodharma Sangita in Detail
› Manodharma Sangita in Detail
› Raga Alapana: The Paddati of Developing a Raga Step by Step
› Kalpana Svaras: How to Sing Them in a Kriti
› Raga Alapana and Kalpana Svaras: Practice with a Simple Raga
• Indian Music (Carnatic) (873): Dasavida gamakas — 4 classes
› The Ten Gamakas: Meaning and Purpose
› Arohana, Avarohana and Dhalu Gamakas
› Sphurita, Kampita and Ahata Gamakas
› Pratyahata, Tripucha, Andola and Murchchana Gamakas
• Indian Music (Carnatic) (873): The scheme of the 35 Talas — 7 classes
› Nada, Laya, Tala, Jati and Gati
› Suladi Sapta Talas and the Technical Terms of Rhythm
› The Scheme of the 35 Talas: Seven Talas in Five Jatis
› Chapu Tala and Its Varieties
› Desadi and Madhyadi Talas
› Kriya and Anga: Beats, Claps and Waves in Counting a Tala
› Shadangas, Laya, Gati and Matra in the Tala System
• Indian Music (Carnatic) (873): Musical forms and their association — 6 classes
› Musical Forms: Kriti, Padam, Javali, Tiruppugazh and Ragamalika
› Compositions in Authentic Tradition: Kriti, Padam, Javali, Tillana, Ragamalika
› The Ata Tala Varnam and Alapana
› Gita: The First Compositions a Student Learns
› Tana Varnam: Parts and Features
› Padavarna: Structure and Examples
• Indian Music (Carnatic) (873): History of Carnatic Music — 11 classes
› Five Great Composers: Purandaradasa, Tyagaraja, Dikshitar, Syama Sastri and Swati Tirunal
› The Vaggeyakaras: Patnam Subramanya Iyer, Syama Sastry and Tyagaraja
› Lakshana Granthas: Natyasastra and Chaturdandi Prakasika
› Jayadeva and the Gita Govinda
› Ramamatya and Somanatha: Early Theorists
› Narayana Tirtha and Bhadrachala Ramadas
› Venkatamakhi and the Scheme of the Melakartas
› Kshetrajna and the Padam
› Arunachalam Kavirayar and Gopalakrishna Gharat
› Subbaraya Shastri and Veena Kuppayyar
› Mysore Sadasiva Rao and Pallavi Seshayyar
• Indian Music (Carnatic) (873): Classification of musical instruments into stringed, wind and percussion group — 7 classes
› Concert Instruments and Classification of Musical Instruments
› Structure of the Vina
› Structure of the Violin
› Structure of the Tampuro and the Gottuvadyam
› Structure of the Flute
› Tuning of the Human Voice
› Compass of the Main Instruments Used in South Indian Music
• Indian Music (Carnatic) (873): Musical sound and voice — 6 classes
› Musical Sound: Pitch, Intensity and Timbre
› Sympathetic Vibration and Resonance in Instruments
› Echoes and Reverberation in a Performance Hall
› Musical Intervals and Their Ratios
› Grahabhedam: Shifting the Tonic of a Raga
› The Human Voice: Registers, Range and Care
• Western Music (874) - Section A: Harmony, etc. — 9 classes
› Four-part Chords on the Degrees of Major Scales
› Four-part Chords on the Degrees of Minor Scales
› Chord Inversions in Four Parts
› The Dominant Seventh Chord
› Modulation to Related Keys
› Harmonising a Melody
› Figured and Unfigured Bass
› Melody Writing
› Analysing Rhythmic Structure and Harmonic Progressions
• Western Music (874) - Section B: Prescribed Works — 8 classes
› Beethoven, Symphony No. 2 in D major: The Composer and the Orchestra
› Beethoven, Symphony No. 2: The First Movement
› Beethoven, Symphony No. 2: The Slow Movement and the Scherzo
› Beethoven, Symphony No. 2: The Finale and a Full Analysis
› Bach, Prelude and Fugue No. 16 in G minor: The Prelude
› Bach, Prelude and Fugue No. 16 in G minor: The Fugue
› Schubert, Erl King: The Poem, the Song and the Piano Part
› Cesar Franck, Violin and Piano Sonata: The Last Movement and the Canon
| 31 |
Biotechnology |
12 chapters
· 128 classes
|
• Nucleic acids and their estimation — 12 classes
› DNA and the Polynucleotide Chain
› The Double Helix
› Replication and the Meselson-Stahl Experiment
› The Machinery and the Enzymes of Replication
› Types of RNA, and Transcription in Bacteria and Eukaryotes
› 3.5 Nucleic Acids: Overview and the Polynucleotide Chain
› 3.5 Nucleic Acids: Types of RNA
› Nucleic Acids and the Four Levels of Protein Structure
› 7.3.1-7.3.2 DNA Replication: The Semiconservative Model and the Meselson-Stahl Experiment
› 7.3.3 The Machinery of DNA Replication
› 7.3.4 The Mechanism of DNA Replication
› Nucleotides and Chargaff's Rule of Base Pairing
• Protein Synthesis — 10 classes
› Transcription and the Transcription Unit
› The Transcription Unit and the Gene: Exons, Introns and Cistrons
› The Genetic Code
› Mutations, the Reading Frame, and tRNA the Adapter Molecule
› Translation
› 7.4 Gene Expression: The Central Dogma and Transcription's Machinery
› 7.4.1 Transcription: Initiation, Elongation, Termination and Post-Transcriptional Modification
› 7.5 The Genetic Code
› 7.6 Translation: Charging of tRNA and the Wobble Hypothesis
› 7.6 Translation: Initiation, Elongation, Termination and Polyribosomes
• Gene regulation in prokaryotes — 6 classes
› Regulation of Gene Expression
› The Lac Operon
› 7.9 Regulation of Gene Expression: Levels of Control and the Operon Concept
› 7.9.2 The Lac Operon: An Inducible System
› Inducible and Repressible Operons Compared
› The trp Operon: A Repressible System
• Introduction to gene cloning and genetic engineering — 17 classes
› 2.2 Understand the Role of Recombinant DNA in Biotechnology
› 2.3 Identify Enzymes Used in Genetic Engineering
› 2.4 Investigate the Process of Gene Cloning
› Origin of Replication, and What Cloning Means
› The First Recombinant DNA: Cohen and Boyer
› Restriction Enzymes: Discovery, Naming and Kinds
› Palindromes and Sticky Ends
› Cloning Vectors: Origin of Replication and Selectable Marker
› Cloning Sites and Insertional Inactivation
› Competent Host: Getting DNA Into a Cell
› Isolation of the Genetic Material
› Cutting the DNA and Making the Recombinant
› Inserting the Recombinant DNA, and Obtaining the Gene Product
› 5.1.1 Introduction
› 5.1.2 Tools of rDNA Technology
› 5.1.3 Making rDNA
› 5.1.4 Introduction of rDNA into Host Cells
• Innovations in Biotechnology — 11 classes
› Genetically Modified Organisms and the Five Benefits
› Bt Cotton: How the Toxin Works, and the cry Genes
› Pest Resistant Plants: RNA Interference
› Genetically Engineered Insulin
› 1.2.2 Applications in Crop Production and Agriculture
› 6.2.5 Transgenic Plants with Beneficial Traits
› 1.3.2 Biotechnology in India: Achievements and Innovations
› The Flavr Savr Tomato: The First Genetically Modified Food
› Golden Rice: Engineering Vitamin A into a Staple Grain
› CRISPR-Cas9: Editing Genes with Guide RNA
› Recombinant Interferons as Medicines
• Gene analysis — 9 classes
› 5.1.7 Hybridization Techniques
› 5.1.9 DNA Sequencing
› 12.3.1-12.3.2 Electrophoresis: Principle and Agarose Gel Electrophoresis
› 12.9-12.9.1 DNA Sequencing: Sanger's Method and the Maxam-Gilbert Method
› 12.9.2 Automated DNA Sequencing and Next-Generation Sequencing
› 5.3.5 Functional Genomics
› Gel Electrophoresis and Elution
› DNA Probes and How They Find Their Target Sequence
› Blotting Techniques: Southern, Northern and Western Blots
• Microbial culture — 15 classes
› 3.1 Explore the Basics of Fermentation Processes
› 3.2 Identify Different Types of Fermentation Microorganisms
› 3.3 Describe the Structure and Function of Bioreactors
› 3.4 Analyze Factors Affecting Fermentation Efficiency
› 3.5 Examine Downstream Processing Techniques in Biotechnology
› Bioreactors
› Downstream Processing
› 6.1.1-6.1.2 Introduction & Microbial Culture Techniques
› 6.1.3 Measurement and Kinetics of Microbial Growth
› 6.1.4 Scale-up of Microbial Process
› 6.1.5 Isolation of Microbial Products
› 6.1.6 Strain Isolation and Improvement
› 6.1.7 Applications of Microbial Culture Technology
› Continuous Culture: Chemostat and Turbidostat
› Single Cell Protein: Microbes as a Food Source
• Plant tissue culture — 6 classes
› 6.2.1-6.2.2 Introduction & Cell/Tissue Culture Techniques
› 6.2.3 Applications of Cell and Tissue Culture
› Differentiation, Dedifferentiation and Redifferentiation
› Tissue Culture, Totipotency and Micro-propagation
› Isolating Plant Cells and Choosing the Explant
› Callus Formation and How a Callus Is Grown
• Animal cell culture — 8 classes
› 6.3.1-6.3.2 Introduction & Animal Cell Culture Techniques
› 6.3.3-6.3.5 Characterization, Gene Delivery & Scale-up
› 6.3.6 Applications of Animal Cell Culture
› 6.3.7 Stem Cell Technology
› 6.3.8 Tissue Engineering
› Primary and Secondary Cultures and Cell Lines
› Hybridoma Technology and Monoclonal Antibodies
› CAR-T Cell Therapy: Engineering Immune Cells Against Cancer
• Introduction to bioinformatics, global bioinformatics databases and data retrieval tools; genomics, different types of sequences, types of sequence analysis — 14 classes
› 4.1 Explore the Basics of Bioinformatics Databases
› 4.2 Navigate Key Bioinformatics Tools for Data Retrieval
› 4.3 Understand Data Types and Formats in Bioinformatics
› 5.3.1 Introduction
› 5.3.2 Genome Sequencing Projects
› 5.3.7 History of Bioinformatics
› 5.3.8 Sequences and Nomenclature
› 5.3.9 Information Sources
› 5.3.10 Analysis using Bioinformatics Tools
› 9.2 What Is Bioinformatics, and Its Historical Perspective
› 9.2 Experimental Technologies, Molecular Data Types, and Analysis Tools
› 9.3 Biological Databases and Data Visualisation
› 9.4 Genome Informatics: The Human Genome Project and Sequence Data Formats
› 9.4 Genome Informatics Tools and Downstream Analysis
• Genomics — 5 classes
› 5.3.3 Gene Prediction and Counting
› 5.3.4 Genome Similarity, SNPs and Comparative Genomics
› Types of Genomics: Structural, Functional and Comparative
› Aligning Sequences: Pairwise and Multiple Alignment
› Searching Sequence Databases with BLAST and FASTA
• Proteomics — 15 classes
› 5.2.1 Introduction to the World of Proteins
› 5.2.2 3-D Shape of Proteins
› 5.2.3 Structure-Function Relationship in Proteins
› 5.2.4 Purification of Proteins
› 5.2.5 Characterization of Proteins
› 5.2.7 Designing Proteins (Protein Engineering)
› 5.3.6 Proteomics
› 9.5 The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Bioinformatics
› 10.1.1-10.1.2 Introduction to Protein Informatics and Protein Data Types
› 10.1.3.1 Primary Structure Prediction: Physico-Chemical Properties
› 10.1.3.2-10.1.3.3 Secondary and 3D Protein Structure Prediction
› 5.2.6 Protein Based Products
› 10.2.7-10.2.9 Pharmacophores, Lipinski's Rule of Five, and the Drug Discovery Journey
› Structural, Functional and Expression Proteomics
› Protein Databases and How to Search Them
| 34 |
Legal Studies |
42 chapters
· 175 classes
|
• Elements of Crime: Mens Rea & Actus Reus — 6 classes
› Objectives of Criminal Law and Legislations
› Distinction Between Intention and Motive
› Stages of Crime
› 4.1 Meaning of Crime, Categories of Offences and Bail
› Mens Rea: The Guilty Mind and Its Degrees
› Actus Reus: The Guilty Act, Omission and Causation
• Stages in Crime: Intention, Preparation, Attempt, Commission — 3 classes
› Intention: The First Stage and Why It Is Not Punished
› Preparation and Attempt: Where the Law Steps In
› Commission of the Crime and Liability
• Punishments (Section 4) — 4 classes
› Death Penalty and Life Imprisonment Under Section 4
› Imprisonment: Simple and Rigorous
› Fine, Forfeiture of Property and Community Service
› General Defences: Private Defence, Necessity, Mistake and Unsoundness of Mind
• Inchoate Crimes – Elements, Examples & Punishment — 3 classes
› Abetment: Meaning, Elements and Examples
› Criminal Conspiracy: Agreement and Punishment
› Attempt to Commit an Offence: Elements and Punishment
• Offences against Women – Elements, Examples & Punishment — 4 classes
› Section 74: Assault or Criminal Force to Outrage Modesty
› Section 78: Stalking
› Section 80: Dowry Death
› Offences Against Women: Case Examples and Safeguards
• Offences against child — 3 classes
› Section 93: Exposure and Abandonment of a Child
› Elements and Punishment Under Section 93
› Protecting Children: Examples and Case Studies
• Offences affecting Human Body — 5 classes
› Culpable Homicide: Meaning and Elements
› Murder: Meaning and Distinction from Culpable Homicide
› Organised Crime: Meaning and Punishment
› Force, Criminal Force and Assault
› Offences Affecting the Human Body: Case Examples
• Offences against Property (Section 2 (21) – Elements, Examples & Punishment — 6 classes
› Theft and Snatching: Elements and Punishment
› Extortion: Meaning, Elements and Examples
› Robbery and Dacoity: Differences and Punishment
› Criminal Misappropriation and Criminal Breach of Trust
› Cheating: Elements and Punishment
› Offences Against Property: Case Laws
• Differences between Judicial and Quasi- Judicial Bodies — 6 classes
› What Are Quasi-Judicial Bodies?
› Tribunals
› Structure, Hierarchy of Courts and Legal Officers in India
› Constitution, Roles and Impartiality of the Judiciary
› Courts and Judicial Review
› Judicial and Quasi-Judicial Bodies Compared: Powers, Procedure and Binding Force
• Understanding the concept of Tribunals as Quasi-Judicial Forums — 4 classes
› 4.1 Special Courts and Tribunals (Introductory)
› 4.2 Access to Justice; Legal aid & Lok adalats
› National Green Tribunal: Composition, Jurisdiction and Cases
› Income Tax Appellate Tribunal: Composition and Functions
• Section 89 of Code of Civil Procedure as source of ADR system — 7 classes
› Meaning and Scope of ADR
› Arbitration
› Mediation
› Conciliation
› Lok Adalat
› 4.3. Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC)
› Section 89 CPC: How Courts Refer Disputes to ADR
• Benefits of ADR system, which disputes can be covered — 4 classes
› Adversarial and Inquisitorial Systems
› Benefits of ADR: Speed, Cost and Privacy
› Disputes Suitable for ADR
› Disputes Not Suited to ADR
• Arbitration — 4 classes
› Arbitration Agreement: Essentials and Form
› Section 8: Referral by a Judicial Authority
› Appointment of Arbitrators and Arbitral Procedure
› The Arbitral Award: Making, Finality and Challenge
• Mediation & Conciliation — 4 classes
› Mediation: Meaning, Scope and Process
› Conciliation: Meaning, Scope and Process
› Role of the Mediator and Conciliator
› Sanctity of the Settlement Agreement
• Differences between Arbitration and Conciliation, Mediation and Conciliation — 3 classes
› Arbitration and Conciliation Compared
› Mediation and Conciliation Compared
› Choosing the Right ADR Method for a Dispute
• Lok Adalat — 3 classes
› Organisation of Lok Adalats
› Jurisdiction of Lok Adalats
› Lok Adalat Awards: Finality and Enforcement
• Importance of Article 39A of the Constitution of India — 5 classes
› Brief History of Legal Services and the Indian Legal System
› The Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987
› Legal Services: Meaning and Types
› Article 39A: Equal Justice and Free Legal Aid
› Article 39A in Practice: Landmark Judgments
• Legal Services Authority Act, 1987 — 5 classes
› National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) and the 2002 Amendment
› Denial of Legal Aid and Legal Aid for Social Justice
› Objectives of the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987 and Section 4
› Hierarchy of Legal Services Authorities: National, State, District and Taluk
› Who Is Eligible for Free Legal Aid
• Role of Educational Institutions and Para Legal Volunteers — 3 classes
› Legal Literacy: The Role of Schools, Colleges and Legal Aid Clinics
› Para Legal Volunteers: Selection, Training and Role
› Legal Awareness Programmes in the Community
• Introduction to Contracts (Proposal, Promise, Agreement, Contract) — 4 classes
› Introduction to Contracts and Formation of Contract
› Types of Contracts and Discharge of Contract
› Intention to Contract and Consideration
› From Proposal to Promise to Agreement: Key Terms of the Contract Act
• Formation of Contract — 4 classes
› Capacity to Contract and Consent
› Offer and Proposal: Rules of a Valid Offer
› Acceptance: Rules and Communication
› Revocation and Lapse of Offers
• Essentials of a Valid Contract — 6 classes
› Offer and Acceptance as Essentials of a Valid Contract
› Intention to Create Legal Relations
› Lawful Consideration
› Capacity of the Parties
› Free Consent: Sections 13 to 22
› Lawful Object and Other Essentials
• Void Agreement ( Section 23 to 30) — 4 classes
› Agreements with an Unlawful Object or Consideration: Section 23
› Agreements Without Consideration: Section 25
› Agreements in Restraint of Marriage, Trade and Legal Proceedings: Sections 26 to 28
› Vague and Wagering Agreements: Sections 29 and 30
• Coercion & Undue Influence — 5 classes
› Coercion: Meaning and Effect on a Contract
› Undue Influence: Meaning and Effect on a Contract
› Coercion and Undue Influence Compared
› Fraud and Misrepresentation Compared
› Void and Voidable Contracts; Valid Contract and Void Agreement
• Tort- Introduction — 5 classes
› Concept and Sources of Law of Torts
› Intentional Torts and Defamation
› Negligence
› Strict Liability
› Absolute Liability
• Cyber Torts-Meaning and examples — 4 classes
› III. Cyber Crime
› V. Cyber Law in India
› Cyber Defamation, Online Harassment and Privacy Violations
› Cyber Torts: Examples and Remedies
• Vicarious Liability — 4 classes
› Vicarious Liability: Meaning and Basis
› Master and Servant: Liability of the Employer
› Principal and Agent; Independent Contractors
› Principles of Vicarious Liability with Case Examples
• Types of Property: Movable and Immovable — 3 classes
› Introduction and Types of Property
› I. Concept of Property: Joint Family Property and Self acquired: Property
› Movable and Immovable Property: Definitions in the Transfer of Property Act and General Clauses Act
• Transfer of Property - Meaning (Section 5); What may be transferred (Section 6); Persons competent to transfer (Section 7) — 4 classes
› Who Can Transfer Property and Essentials of a Valid Transfer
› Transfer of Property: Meaning Under Section 5
› What May Be Transferred: Section 6 and Its Exceptions
› Persons Competent to Transfer: Section 7
• Modes of transfer of property (Sale, Mortgage, Lease, Exchange, Gift, Actionable Claim) — 4 classes
› Modes of Transfer: Sale, Lease, Exchange, Gift
› Mortgage: Meaning, Kinds and Rights of the Parties
› Actionable Claim: Meaning and Transfer
› Sale, Mortgage and Lease Compared
• Doctrine of Election, Doctrine of Lis Pendens — 1 class
› Doctrine of Election and Doctrine of Lis Pendens
• Right to Equality (Articles – 14-18) — 7 classes
› Constitutional Framework: The Preamble and Fundamental Rights
› Fundamental Rights in Focus: Right to Life and Personal Liberty
› II. Human Rights and Gender Perspective
› Article 14: Equality Before Law and Equal Protection
› Article 15 and Article 16: No Discrimination and Equality in Public Employment
› Article 17 and Article 18: Abolition of Untouchability and of Titles
› Right to Equality: Landmark Cases
• Right to Individual freedoms (Articles – 19- 22) — 5 classes
› 2.2 Identify Key Fundamental Rights Enshrined in the Constitution
› Article 19: The Freedoms Guaranteed to Citizens
› Reasonable Restrictions Under Article 19
› Article 20: Protection in Respect of Conviction for Offences
› Articles 21, 21A and 22: Life, Education and Protection Against Arrest
• Right against exploitation (Articles – 23-24) — 4 classes
› V. Child Labour
› III.D(i) Fundamental Rights
› Article 23: Prohibition of Trafficking and Forced Labour
› Article 24: Prohibition of Child Labour in Hazardous Work
• Right to freedom of religion (Articles – 25-28) — 3 classes
› Article 25: Freedom of Conscience and Practice of Religion
› Articles 26 and 27: Managing Religious Affairs and Freedom from Religious Taxes
› Article 28: Religious Instruction in Educational Institutions
• Right of cultural minorities (Articles – 29-30) — 3 classes
› Article 29: Protection of the Interests of Minorities
› Article 30: Right of Minorities to Establish Educational Institutions
› Cultural and Educational Rights: Landmark Cases
• Right to Constitutional Remedies - Writs (Article 32) — 5 classes
› VI. The concept of State and Article 12 of the Indian Constitution
› Article 32: The Right to Constitutional Remedies
› Habeas Corpus and Mandamus
› Prohibition, Certiorari and Quo Warranto
› Writ Jurisdiction of High Courts Under Article 226
• Directive Principles of State Policy — 3 classes
› Directive Principles of State Policy
› III.D(ii) Directive Principles of State Policy
› Directive Principles and Fundamental Rights: Justiciability and Differences
• Fundamental duties — 3 classes
› Fundamental Duties
› III.D(iii) Fundamental Duties
› 2.3 Examine the Significance of Fundamental Duties in Shaping Citizenship
• Definition of Human Rights — 4 classes
› Introduction and Historical Context
› National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)
› International Human Rights
› Human Rights and Fundamental Rights Compared Under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993
• Ombudsman-Meaning and concept — 3 classes
› Ombudsman
› Lokpal and Lokayukta
› Lokpal and Lokayukta Compared: Scope, Objectives and Limits
• Legal Maxims — 5 classes
› Maxims on Guilt and Intention
› Maxims on Rights and Remedies
› Maxims on Natural Justice
› Maxims in Property and Contract Law
› Applying Legal Maxims to Case Problems
| 35 |
Artificial Intelligence |
20 chapters
· 107 classes
|
• Natural Language Processing (NLP): Named Entity Recognition (NER) — 4 classes
› Named Entity Recognition: Finding People, Places and Organisations in Text
› Building a Simple NER Model
› Text Summarisation: Extractive and Abstractive Approaches
› Spam Email Detection with Text Classification
• Statistics and Probability — 9 classes
› Mean and Median
› Mean Absolute Deviation and Standard Deviation
› Activity: Mean and Variability
› Statistical Analysis of Data
› Summarising Data: Mean, Median and Mode
› Exploratory Data Analysis
› Random Events and Probability Basics
› Distributions in Data Science
› Probability and the Central Limit Theorem
• Hypothesis Testing — 10 classes
› 3.4 Construct a Simple Linear Regression Model
› 3.5 Interpret Regression Outputs and Coefficients
› 3.6 Apply Regression Analysis to Real-World Data Sets
› Regression Algorithms - I
› Linear Regression Algorithm (For Advanced Learners)
› Supervised Learning: Correlation and Regression
› Correlation and Simple Linear Prediction
› Null and Alternative Hypotheses
› Type I and Type II Errors
› Testing a Hypothesis Step by Step
• Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) — 10 classes
› Parts and Components of a Neural Network
› Working of a Neural Network
› Types of Neural Networks
› 2.1 Define Neural Networks and Their Components
› 2.2 Explain the Role of Activation Functions in Neural Networks
› 2.3 Describe the Architecture of a Simple Neural Network
› 2.4 Analyze the Function of Backpropagation in Learning
› Artificial Neural Networks
› Forward Propagation Step by Step
› The Multilayer Perceptron (MLP)
• Machine Learning (ML) — 9 classes
› Revisiting AI, Machine Learning and Deep Learning
› Data and Approaches to Building Models
› Learning-Based Approach and Supervised Learning
› 1.1 Define Key Machine Learning Concepts
› 1.2 Explore Types of Machine Learning: Supervised vs. Unsupervised
› 1.4 Examine Common Machine Learning Algorithms
› Machine Learning in a Nutshell and Its Types
› AI Terminologies: Machine Learning and Deep Learning
› A Decision Tree Example: Splitting Data to Reach a Decision
• Deep Learning (DL) — 3 classes
› 2.4 Introduce Deep Learning and Its Differences from Traditional Neural Networks
› 2.5 Explain Common Deep Learning Architectures and Their Applications
› Convolutional Neural Networks
• Data Preparation — 9 classes
› Working with CSV Files in Python
› NumPy and Pandas Libraries
› Scikit-learn Library
› Recap of NumPy and Pandas Libraries
› Importing and Exporting Data between CSV Files and DataFrames
› Handling Missing Values
› 1.4 Dive into Pandas for Data Structures: Series and DataFrames
› 2.3 Explore Different Data Cleaning Methods
› Preprocessing Data with Scikit-learn: Scaling and Encoding
• Building the Neural Network — 4 classes
› 2.6 Implement a Simple Neural Network Using a Programming Framework
› 2.5 Implement a Basic Neural Network Using Python
› Introduction to TensorFlow and Keras
› Building a Sequential Model with Keras Layers
• Training the Neural Network — 4 classes
› 5.4 Training Your AI Model: Best Practices and Techniques
› Compiling a Model and Calling the fit() Function
› Epochs: How Many Times the Model Sees the Data
› Batch Size and Its Effect on Training
• Model Evaluation — 11 classes
› Why We Evaluate Models
› Need of Evaluation and Train-Test Split
› Accuracy and Error
› Classification Metrics and the Confusion Matrix
› TP, TN, FP and FN
› Accuracy from the Confusion Matrix
› Precision and Recall
› F1 Score and Ethics of Evaluation
› Model Performance Evaluation Metrics
› 1.5 Analyze Performance Metrics for Machine Learning Models
› Visualising Evaluation Metrics: Confusion Matrix Plots and Curves
• Tuning — 3 classes
› Parameters and Hyper Parameters of a Model
› Grid Search for Hyper Parameters
› Random Search for Hyper Parameters
• Predictive Maintenance — 3 classes
› Predictive Maintenance: Why Predicting Failure Saves Money
› Data for Predicting Equipment Failure
› Building and Testing a Failure Prediction Model
• Fraud Detection — 4 classes
› Fraud Detection: Kinds of Fraud and Why AI Helps
› Credit Card Fraud and Anomaly Detection
› Identity Theft and How AI Detects It
› Limits and Ethics of Fraud Detection
• Medical Diagnosis — 4 classes
› AI in Medical Diagnosis: An Overview
› Medical Imaging and AI
› Genetic Information and Patient Records in AI Diagnosis
› Privacy and Ethics in Medical AI
• Introduction to CV, Application of Open CV in real world scenario — 4 classes
› What Computer Vision Is and How a Computer Sees an Image
› Introduction to OpenCV and Reading Images
› Applications of Image Classification and Object Detection
› Applications of Facial Recognition, Colour Detection and Object Tracking (Brief)
• Image Classification — 4 classes
› Key Domains of AI with Orange Data Mining Tool
› 3.2 Create Your First Model: Using Teachable Machine for Image Recognition
› Building a Simple Image Classifier
› Testing and Improving an Image Classifier
• Object Detection — 3 classes
› Object Detection: Finding What and Where
› Bounding Boxes and Detecting Objects with OpenCV
› Applications of Object Detection
• Facial Recognition — 3 classes
› Facial Recognition: How Faces Are Detected and Matched
› Recognising Faces in Images and Video with OpenCV
› Uses and Privacy Concerns of Facial Recognition
• Color Detection — 3 classes
› Colour Spaces: RGB and HSV
› Detecting and Classifying Objects by Colour
› Applications of Colour Detection
• Object Tracking — 3 classes
› Object Tracking: Following Movement in Video
› Tracking a Coloured Object with OpenCV
› Applications of Object Tracking
| 37 |
Applied Mathematics |
13 chapters
· 164 classes
|
• Types of relations — 9 classes
› 1.1 Introduction
› 1.2 Types of Relations
› 1.3 Types of Functions
› 1.4 Composition of Functions and Invertible Function
› 4.5 Types of Relations: Empty, Universal and Equivalence Relations
› Reflexive, Symmetric and Transitive Relations: Testing Each Property
› Proving a Relation Is an Equivalence Relation
› One-One and Onto Functions: Proving and Disproving
› Finding the Inverse of a Function, and the Composite of Two Functions
• Inverse Trigonometric Functions — 7 classes
› 2.1 Introduction
› 2.2 Basic Concepts
› 2.3 Properties of Inverse Trigonometric Functions
› Defining the Inverse Sine and Inverse Cosine: Domain, Range and Principal Value
› Inverse Tangent, Cotangent, Secant and Cosecant: Domains and Principal Values
› Graphs of Inverse Trigonometric Functions as Reflections in y = x
› Worked Problems on Principal Values and Elementary Properties
• Matrices — 18 classes
› 3.1 Introduction
› 3.2 Matrix
› 3.2.1 Order of a matrix
› 3.3 Types of Matrices
› 3.3.1 Equality of matrices
› 3.4 Operations on Matrices
› 3.4.1 Addition of matrices
› 3.4.2 Multiplication of a matrix by a scalar
› 3.4.3 Properties of matrix addition
› 3.4.4 Properties of scalar multiplication of a matrix
› 3.4.5 Multiplication of matrices
› 3.4.6 Properties of multiplication of matrices
› 3.5. Transpose of a Matrix
› 3.5.1 Properties of transpose of the matrices
› 3.6 Symmetric and Skew Symmetric Matrices
› 3.7 Invertible Matrices
› 2.1-2.2 Matrices and Types of Matrices
› 2.5 Special Matrices: Transpose, Symmetric and Skew-Symmetric
• Determinants — 16 classes
› 4.1 Introduction
› 4.2 Determinant
› 4.2.1 Determinant of a matrix of order one
› 4.2.2 Determinant of a matrix of order two
› 4.2.3 Determinant of a matrix of order 3 × 3
› 4.3 Area of a Triangle
› 4.4 Minors and Cofactors
› 4.5 Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix
› 4.5.1 Adjoint of a matrix
› 4.6 Applications of Determinants and Matrices
› 4.6.1 Solution of system of linear equations using inverse of a matrix
› 2.8 Solving Systems of Simultaneous Linear Equations
› 2.6 Determinants
› 2.7 Inverse of a Matrix
› Consistency of a System of Equations: Unique, Infinite or No Solution
› Cramer's Rule for Two and Three Unknowns
• Differentiation — 24 classes
› 5.3.1 Derivatives of composite functions
› 5.3.2 Derivatives of implicit functions
› 5.3.3 Derivatives of inverse trigonometric functions
› 5.4 Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
› 5.5. Logarithmic Differentiation
› 5.6 Derivatives of Functions in Parametric Forms
› 5.7 Second Order Derivative
› 6.1 Introduction
› 6.2 Rate of Change of Quantities
› 6.3 Increasing and Decreasing Functions
› 6.4 Maxima and Minima: Local Extrema and Critical Points
› 6.4.1 Maximum and Minimum Values of a Function in a Closed Interval
› 6.2 Related Rates: Worked Problems
› 6.3 Finding Intervals of Increase and Decrease: Worked Problems
› 6.4 First and Second Derivative Tests
› 6.4 Optimisation: Word Problems on Maxima and Minima
› 3.1 Differentiation: Implicit, Parametric, Logarithmic and Higher-Order
› 3.2 Rate of Change: Related Rates, Cost and Revenue Functions
› 3.9 Slope, Tangent and Normal to a Curve
› 3.10 Increasing and Decreasing Functions
› 3.11.1 Critical Points, Local Maxima and Minima
› 3.11.2 First and Second Derivative Tests
› 3.11.3 Absolute Maxima, Minima and Optimization Problems
› Derivatives Using the Chain Rule
• Integrals — 22 classes
› 7.1 Introduction
› 7.2 Integration as an Inverse Process of Differentiation
› 7.2.1 Some properties of indefinite integral
› 7.3 Methods of Integration
› 7.3.1 Integration by substitution
› 7.3.2 Integration using trigonometric identities
› 7.4 Integrals of Some Particular Functions
› 7.5 Integration by Partial Fractions
› 7.6 Integration by Parts
› 7.6.1 Integral of the type
› 7.6.2 Integrals of some more types
› 7.7 Definite Integral
› 7.8 Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
› 7.8.1 Area function
› 7.8.2 First fundamental theorem of integral calculus
› 7.8.3 Second fundamental theorem of integral calculus
› 7.9 Evaluation of Definite Integrals by Substitution
› 7.10 Some Properties of Definite Integrals
› 3.1-3.2 Indefinite Integrals and Integration by Substitution
› 3.3 Integration by Partial Fractions
› 3.4 Integration by Parts
› 3.5-3.6 Definite Integrals and Their Properties
• Application of Calculus in Commerce and Economics — 8 classes
› 3.7 Consumers' Surplus and Producers' Surplus
› Derivatives: Instantaneous Rate of Change
› Cost Functions: Fixed Cost, Variable Cost and Total Cost
› Average Cost and Marginal Cost
› Demand Functions and the Demand Curve
› Revenue Functions: Total, Average and Marginal Revenue
› Profit Functions and Maximising Profit
› Break-Even Analysis: Finding the Break-Even Point
• Differential Equations — 12 classes
› 9.1 Introduction
› 9.2 Basic Concepts
› 9.2.1. Order of a differential equation
› 9.2.2 Degree of a differential equation
› 9.3. General and Particular Solutions of a Differential Equation
› 9.4. Methods of Solving First Order, First Degree Differential Equations
› 9.4.1 Differential equations with variables separable
› 9.4.2 Homogeneous differential equations
› 9.4.3 Linear differential equations
› 3.10 Differential Equations: Order and Degree
› 3.11 Formation of a Differential Equation
› 3.12 Differential Equations and Mathematical Modeling
• Probability — 20 classes
› 13.1 Introduction
› 13.2 Conditional Probability
› 13.2.1 Properties of conditional probability
› 13.3 Multiplication Theorem on Probability
› 13.4 Independent Events
› 13.5 Bayes' Theorem
› 13.5.1 Partition of a sample space
› 13.5.2 Theorem of total probability
› 13.2 Conditional Probability: Worked Examples and Exercise 13.1
› 13.4 Independent Events: Properties and Worked Problems
› 13.5 Bayes' Theorem: Statement, Proof and Worked Examples
› 13.5 Bayes' Theorem: Mixed Problems and Chapter Exercises
› 4.1-4.2 Probability Distribution and Mathematical Expectation
› 4.3 Variance of a Discrete Probability Distribution
› 4.4 Binomial Distribution
› 4.5 Poisson Distribution
› 4.6 Normal Distribution
› Conditional Probability
› Theorem of Total Probability
› Bayes' Theorem
• Linear Programming — 8 classes
› 12.1 Introduction
› 12.2 Linear Programming Problem and its Mathematical Formulation
› 12.2.1 Mathematical formulation of the problem
› 12.2.2 Graphical method of solving linear programming problems
› 8.1-8.2 Terminology and Mathematical Formulation of LPP
› 8.3 Types of Linear Programming Problems
› 8.4-8.5 Graphical Method, Feasible and Infeasible Regions
› 8.6 Optimal Feasible Solution and Corner Point Method
• Financial Mathematics — 7 classes
› 7.1 Perpetuity and Sinking Funds
› 7.3 Calculation of EMI (Amortization of Loans)
› 7.4 Nominal and Effective Rate of Interest
› 7.5 Compound Annual Growth Rate
› 7.7 Linear Method of Depreciation
› 7.6 Stocks, Shares and Debentures
› Rate of Return on an Investment: Nominal and Real Returns
• Index Numbers — 8 classes
› 6.1-6.3 Introduction to Index Numbers and Their Uses
› 6.4 Construction of Index Numbers
› 6.5 Types of Index Numbers
› 6.6-6.9 Limitations, Index Series and Test of Adequacy
› Price Relatives and the Simple Aggregate Method
› Weighted Aggregate Methods: Laspeyres, Paasche and Fisher
› Cost of Living Index and the Consumer Price Index
› Using the Consumer Price Index: Real Wages and Dearness Allowance
• Moving Averages — 5 classes
› What a Time Series Is and Why We Smooth It
› Moving Averages: The Idea and the Role of the Period
› Calculating Moving Averages for Odd Periods
› Calculating Moving Averages for Even Periods: Centred Moving Average
› Plotting the Moving Average Against the Original Data